Synthesis of Esters Using Modified Waste Copper Slag: A Sustainable Approach for Waste Valorisation

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Autores principales: Bhagyashree Megha, Pavan More
Formato: Artículo Open Access
Publicado: Wiley 2025
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author Bhagyashree Megha
Pavan More
author_facet Bhagyashree Megha
Pavan More
Bhagyashree Megha
Pavan More
collection Wiley Open Access
contents Synthesis of Esters Using Modified Waste Copper Slag: A Sustainable Approach for Waste Valorisation Bhagyashree Megha Pavan More Flavour and Fragrance Journal ABSTRACTThe active sites of waste copper slag were moulded using BaO and used as a catalyst for the esterification reaction without solvent. Various concentrations of BaO were doped over the copper slag and investigated for the esterification of various model components of flavour, fragrance and biofuel. The catalyst was characterised by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface area analysis and X‐ray diffraction to examine the impact of BaO addition on the structural and morphological characteristics of BaOX/Cp‐Sl. BaO increases the grain size and enhances the BaOX/Cp‐Sl catalyst's activity and selectivity to flavour, fragrance and biofuel. The BaO2.5%/Cp‐Sl catalyst showed the maximum conversion of oleic acid to the methyl ester. The esterification of various commercially important substrates like geraniol, citronellol, menthol, isoamyl acetate, palmitic acid and waste cooking oil using a catalyst has been explained in detail. The kinetic study of the esterification has been explained with turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF). The mechanism pathway of the catalyst with various active sites of waste copper slag has been explained using adsorption studies. 10.1002/ffj.3849 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
doi_str_mv 10.1002/ffj.3849
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id wiley_oa_10_1002_ffj_3849
institution Wiley Open Access
license_str_mv http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
publishDate 2025
publisher Wiley
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spellingShingle Synthesis of Esters Using Modified Waste Copper Slag: A Sustainable Approach for Waste Valorisation
Bhagyashree Megha
Pavan More
Flavour and Fragrance Journal
Synthesis of Esters Using Modified Waste Copper Slag: A Sustainable Approach for Waste Valorisation Bhagyashree Megha Pavan More Flavour and Fragrance Journal ABSTRACTThe active sites of waste copper slag were moulded using BaO and used as a catalyst for the esterification reaction without solvent. Various concentrations of BaO were doped over the copper slag and investigated for the esterification of various model components of flavour, fragrance and biofuel. The catalyst was characterised by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, surface area analysis and X‐ray diffraction to examine the impact of BaO addition on the structural and morphological characteristics of BaOX/Cp‐Sl. BaO increases the grain size and enhances the BaOX/Cp‐Sl catalyst's activity and selectivity to flavour, fragrance and biofuel. The BaO2.5%/Cp‐Sl catalyst showed the maximum conversion of oleic acid to the methyl ester. The esterification of various commercially important substrates like geraniol, citronellol, menthol, isoamyl acetate, palmitic acid and waste cooking oil using a catalyst has been explained in detail. The kinetic study of the esterification has been explained with turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF). The mechanism pathway of the catalyst with various active sites of waste copper slag has been explained using adsorption studies. 10.1002/ffj.3849 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor
title Synthesis of Esters Using Modified Waste Copper Slag: A Sustainable Approach for Waste Valorisation
topic Flavour and Fragrance Journal
url https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ffj.3849