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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo Open Access |
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Wiley
2025
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| Online Access: | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ppul.71024 |
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Table of Contents:
- Effects of Therapeutic Antibiotic Exposure on the Oropharyngeal and Fecal Microbiota in Infants With Cystic Fibrosis Hillary S. Hayden Maria T. Nelson Sydney E. Ross Adrian J. Verster Drake C. Bouzek Alex Eng Adam Waalkes Kelsi Penewit Benjamin T. Kopp Christopher Siracusa Michael J. Rock Stephen J. Salipante Lucas R. Hoffman Don B. Sanders Pediatric Pulmonology ABSTRACTBackgroundSystemic antibiotics can impact all microbes inhabiting patients, regardless of the intended target organism(s). We studied the simultaneous effects on respiratory and fecal microbiomes of β‐lactam antibiotics administered for respiratory symptoms in infants with cystic fibrosis (IWCF).ObjectiveTo compare the magnitude and duration of intended (respiratory) and unintended (fecal) antimicrobial action by analyzing oropharyngeal (OP) and fecal microbiota in IWCF.DesignShotgun metagenomic sequencing and qPCR were performed on OP and fecal samples collected longitudinally from 14 IWCF (ages 1–17 months) during (“On Antibiotics”) and after (“Off Antibiotics”) β‐lactam therapy, and from 5 IWCF (3–16 months) never treated with antibiotics.ResultsTotal bacterial loads (TBL) for On Antibiotics samples were lower than for both Never (OP and fecal) and Off Antibiotics samples (fecal only). α‐diversities (within‐sample) for OP On Antibiotics samples were lower than for Never and Off Antibiotics samples but did not differ between fecal sample groups. β‐diversity (between‐sample) differed between all OP sample groups and between fecal On and Never Antibiotics and Off and Never antibiotics samples; however, fecal On and Off Antibiotics sample β‐diversities did not differ. Patterns of change in antibiotic resistance gene abundances reflected shifts in microbial community composition.Conclusionsβ‐lactam antibiotic exposure was followed by marked alterations in both OP and fecal microbiota. While microbiota appeared to rebound after treatment in both sample types, our results suggest that fecal microbiota recovered less than OP. The clinical consequences of these findings should be studied in IWCF and other populations frequently treated with antibiotics. 10.1002/ppul.71024 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/