Environmental Dissemination of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens in Djibouti's Wastewaters
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2025
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| author | Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene |
| author_facet | Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene |
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| contents | Environmental Dissemination of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens in Djibouti's Wastewaters Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene Public Health Challenges ABSTRACT Background The occurrence of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae‐producing extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases (ESBLs) and/or carbapenemases is increasingly reported in clinical and environmental settings. Here, we aimed to investigate the resistance profile of gram‐negative bacterial isolates from urban and environmental wastewater in Djibouti. Materials and Methods Twenty‐five wastewater samples were collected from eight different locations of Djibouti. After bacterial culture on selective media for gram‐negative bacteria (GNB), obtained isolates were identified using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and E ‐test methods. Standard PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to investigate antibiotic resistance genes, including β‐lactamases, carbapenemases, and colistin resistance genes. Results Eleven MDR gram‐negative isolates were identified from the 25 water samples collected, including six Escherichia coli , one Enterobacter cloacae , and four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Interestingly, the pandemic ESBL gene bla CTX‐M‐15 was detected in 9 of the 11 (81.8%) from both urban and environmental water samples. In addition, the carbapenemase gene bla OXA‐48 was identified in 4 of the 11 strains (36.4%), including two E. coli , one K. pneumoniae , and one E. cloacae , all from urban wastewater, particularly hospital water samples. Conclusion For the first time, we describe here MDR‐GNB bacterial isolates from urban and environmental wastewater in Djibouti. To date, carbapenem‐resistant isolates have only been present in hospital wastewater. Regular surveillance policies, consistent with the “One Health” approach, are recommended to prevent the spread and monitor the evolution of antibiotic resistance in the environment and within the Djiboutian community. 10.1002/puh2.70139 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/puh2.70139 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1002_puh2_70139 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Environmental Dissemination of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens in Djibouti's Wastewaters Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene Public Health Challenges Environmental Dissemination of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens in Djibouti's Wastewaters Ayan Ali Ragueh Ibrahim S. Abdallah Rachid M. Mouhoumed Mohamed H. Aboubaker Seydina M. Diene Public Health Challenges ABSTRACT Background The occurrence of multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae‐producing extended‐spectrum β‐lactamases (ESBLs) and/or carbapenemases is increasingly reported in clinical and environmental settings. Here, we aimed to investigate the resistance profile of gram‐negative bacterial isolates from urban and environmental wastewater in Djibouti. Materials and Methods Twenty‐five wastewater samples were collected from eight different locations of Djibouti. After bacterial culture on selective media for gram‐negative bacteria (GNB), obtained isolates were identified using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and E ‐test methods. Standard PCR and Sanger sequencing were used to investigate antibiotic resistance genes, including β‐lactamases, carbapenemases, and colistin resistance genes. Results Eleven MDR gram‐negative isolates were identified from the 25 water samples collected, including six Escherichia coli , one Enterobacter cloacae , and four Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Interestingly, the pandemic ESBL gene bla CTX‐M‐15 was detected in 9 of the 11 (81.8%) from both urban and environmental water samples. In addition, the carbapenemase gene bla OXA‐48 was identified in 4 of the 11 strains (36.4%), including two E. coli , one K. pneumoniae , and one E. cloacae , all from urban wastewater, particularly hospital water samples. Conclusion For the first time, we describe here MDR‐GNB bacterial isolates from urban and environmental wastewater in Djibouti. To date, carbapenem‐resistant isolates have only been present in hospital wastewater. Regular surveillance policies, consistent with the “One Health” approach, are recommended to prevent the spread and monitor the evolution of antibiotic resistance in the environment and within the Djiboutian community. 10.1002/puh2.70139 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| title | Environmental Dissemination of Multidrug‐Resistant Gram‐Negative Pathogens in Djibouti's Wastewaters |
| topic | Public Health Challenges |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/puh2.70139 |