Socioeconomic Status, Modifiable Factors, and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the UK Biobank
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2025
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| author | Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu |
| author_facet | Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | Socioeconomic Status, Modifiable Factors, and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the UK Biobank Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu Journal of Diabetes ABSTRACTBackgroundTo investigate whether lower socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with an increased risk of diabetic microvascular complications and to analyze the potential mediating role of several modifiable factors.MethodsThe study included 11 309 patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline from the UK Biobank cohort. SES was grouped based on income, education, and employment status by using latent class analysis. Microvascular complications of diabetes were identified through electronic health records. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for microvascular complications across SES groups. Mediation analysis was applied to explore potential mediators in these associations.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 12.2 years, 262, 764, and 1017 participants in the high, medium, and low SES groups were diagnosed with microvascular complications. Compared to participants with high SES, those with low SES had a HR of 1.75 (95% CI: 1.53, 2.01) for total microvascular complications, a HR of 2.11 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.55) for nephropathy, a HR of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.72) for retinopathy, and a HR of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.43) for neuropathy. Mediation analysis indicated that alcohol consumption, body mass index, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin mediated the association between SES and microvascular complications, with mediation percentages of 1.3%, 12.2%, 4.4%, 10.9%, and 10.8%, respectively.ConclusionsLower SES may be associated with a higher risk of diabetic microvascular complications, and obesity‐related indicators and glycated hemoglobin may play important mediating roles in the association. 10.1111/1753-0407.70079 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/1753-0407.70079 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1111_1753_0407_70079 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Socioeconomic Status, Modifiable Factors, and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the UK Biobank Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu Journal of Diabetes Socioeconomic Status, Modifiable Factors, and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the UK Biobank Ying Li Qiqi You Menglin Fan Lingqi Wei Jingjing Zeng Bo Chen Jie Wang Shaoyong Xu Journal of Diabetes ABSTRACTBackgroundTo investigate whether lower socioeconomic status (SES) was associated with an increased risk of diabetic microvascular complications and to analyze the potential mediating role of several modifiable factors.MethodsThe study included 11 309 patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline from the UK Biobank cohort. SES was grouped based on income, education, and employment status by using latent class analysis. Microvascular complications of diabetes were identified through electronic health records. Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for microvascular complications across SES groups. Mediation analysis was applied to explore potential mediators in these associations.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 12.2 years, 262, 764, and 1017 participants in the high, medium, and low SES groups were diagnosed with microvascular complications. Compared to participants with high SES, those with low SES had a HR of 1.75 (95% CI: 1.53, 2.01) for total microvascular complications, a HR of 2.11 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.55) for nephropathy, a HR of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.14, 1.72) for retinopathy, and a HR of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.43) for neuropathy. Mediation analysis indicated that alcohol consumption, body mass index, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glycated hemoglobin mediated the association between SES and microvascular complications, with mediation percentages of 1.3%, 12.2%, 4.4%, 10.9%, and 10.8%, respectively.ConclusionsLower SES may be associated with a higher risk of diabetic microvascular complications, and obesity‐related indicators and glycated hemoglobin may play important mediating roles in the association. 10.1111/1753-0407.70079 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
| title | Socioeconomic Status, Modifiable Factors, and Risk of Microvascular Complications in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study From the UK Biobank |
| topic | Journal of Diabetes |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1753-0407.70079 |