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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Artículo Open Access |
| Published: |
Wiley
2026
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| Online Access: | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jerd.70136 |
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Table of Contents:
- Effects of Bleaching Protocols on the Esthetic Outcome and Surface Integrity of Enamel Treated With an Ammonia‐Free Silver Fluoride Solution Ahmed Alshawi Fadimeana Lal Esra Yildiz Sevda Ozel Yildiz Ugur Erdemir Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the effects of three bleaching protocols on the color stability and surface roughness of enamel previously treated with a water‐based, ammonia‐free silver fluoride solution (Riva Star Aqua). Materials and Methods Eighty‐eight human enamel/dentin specimens were demineralized and treated with Riva Star Aqua, divided into four groups ( n = 22): Control (no bleaching), home bleaching with 15% hydrogen peroxide (HP), in‐office bleaching with 40% HP, and laser‐activated bleaching with 46% HP. Color differences (Δ E 00 ) were measured at different stages, and the surface roughness (Ra) was evaluated before and after bleaching. Data were analyzed using two‐way repeated measures ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD test (α = 0.05). Results The application of Riva Star Aqua caused perceptible discoloration in all groups. Following bleaching, all three active protocols resulted in significant color correction compared with the control group ( p < 0.05). The final color differences (Δ E 00 Final) for Opalescence Boost (6.82 ± 0.49), Opalescence Home (8.84 ± 0.42), and Laser White 20 (8.83 ± 0.37) were statistically comparable ( p < 0.05). At the same time, the control group showed significantly high Δ E 00 Final (10.75 ± 0.29). Regarding surface roughness, all bleaching groups showed a significant increase in Ra values ( p < 0.05) compared to baseline, with significant differences between Laser White 20 and the other bleaching protocols ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Bleaching effectively reversed the discoloration caused by ammonia‐free silver fluoride. While all tested protocols achieved comparable final color correction, the laser‐activated protocol resulted in significantly less alteration of surface roughness than the conventional in‐office and at‐home bleaching protocols. 10.1111/jerd.70136 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/