Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation
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2025
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| author | Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes |
| author_facet | Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes Veterinary Dermatology AbstractBackgroundCanine aural cholesteatoma (more appropriately named tympanokeratoma) is an epidermoid cyst whose aetiopathogenesis remains poorly recognised in veterinary medicine. There are a few reports published, possibly because it may be underdiagnosed.ObjectivesTo characterise the clinical aspects of dogs with tympanokeratoma, to describe the otoendoscopic, advanced imaging and histopathological findings of tympanokeratoma and to report the best approach to diagnose canine auricular tympanokeratoma in a retrospective study.Material and MethodsOf 890 dogs with suspected tympanokeratoma and otitis media, 100 animals underwent advanced imaging and otoendoscopy at radiology and dermatology reference centres in Brazil.ResultsMost affected dogs were male (71%) neutered (95%) with an average age of 6.8 years. Ninety‐one of the 100 affected dogs were brachycephalic. Otitis externa (OE; 81%) was the main non‐neurological manifestation observed. The main neurological clinical manifestations observed were: “head tilt” (66%), ataxia (31%) and nystagmus (25%). Advanced imaging findings could not propose a presumptive diagnosis of tympanokeratoma in 60 of 100 (60%) of the dogs. The absence of tympanic membrane and the presence of a dense pearly yellowish material resembling keratin in the tympanic bulla, after myringotomy, was the main otoendoscopic finding. The advanced imaging findings did not correlate with otoendoscopy and histopathological findings in more than half of the dogs.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceTympanokeratoma should be suspected in brachycephalic dogs with OE and peripheral vestibular syndrome, and samples of keratinous material from the middle ear associated with histopathological results may be the best approach for the diagnosis. 10.1111/vde.13321 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/vde.13321 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1111_vde_13321 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes Veterinary Dermatology Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation Cristiane Bazaga Botelho Rafaella Tortoriello Sandra Nogueira Koch Julio Israel Fernandes Veterinary Dermatology AbstractBackgroundCanine aural cholesteatoma (more appropriately named tympanokeratoma) is an epidermoid cyst whose aetiopathogenesis remains poorly recognised in veterinary medicine. There are a few reports published, possibly because it may be underdiagnosed.ObjectivesTo characterise the clinical aspects of dogs with tympanokeratoma, to describe the otoendoscopic, advanced imaging and histopathological findings of tympanokeratoma and to report the best approach to diagnose canine auricular tympanokeratoma in a retrospective study.Material and MethodsOf 890 dogs with suspected tympanokeratoma and otitis media, 100 animals underwent advanced imaging and otoendoscopy at radiology and dermatology reference centres in Brazil.ResultsMost affected dogs were male (71%) neutered (95%) with an average age of 6.8 years. Ninety‐one of the 100 affected dogs were brachycephalic. Otitis externa (OE; 81%) was the main non‐neurological manifestation observed. The main neurological clinical manifestations observed were: “head tilt” (66%), ataxia (31%) and nystagmus (25%). Advanced imaging findings could not propose a presumptive diagnosis of tympanokeratoma in 60 of 100 (60%) of the dogs. The absence of tympanic membrane and the presence of a dense pearly yellowish material resembling keratin in the tympanic bulla, after myringotomy, was the main otoendoscopic finding. The advanced imaging findings did not correlate with otoendoscopy and histopathological findings in more than half of the dogs.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceTympanokeratoma should be suspected in brachycephalic dogs with OE and peripheral vestibular syndrome, and samples of keratinous material from the middle ear associated with histopathological results may be the best approach for the diagnosis. 10.1111/vde.13321 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| title | Clinical aspects of middle ear tympanokeratoma in dogs diagnosed through advanced imaging, otoendoscopy and histopathological evaluation |
| topic | Veterinary Dermatology |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vde.13321 |