Retrospective evaluation of acid–base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017–2021): 96 cases
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2025
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| author | Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein |
| author_facet | Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | Retrospective evaluation of acid–base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017–2021): 96 cases Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care AbstractObjectiveTo describe the acid–base balance of diabetic animals with ketosis and to identify underlying mechanisms of acid–base changes using semiquantitative analysis.DesignRetrospective study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsEighty‐one client‐owned dogs and 15 client‐owned cats with diabetes and concurrent ketosis presented to a university teaching hospital.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsThe medical records database was searched from January 2017 through December 2021 for dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus and ketones present in urine or blood samples that also had venous blood gas and serum biochemical assays performed within 24 hours of each other. Traditional analysis identified normal acid–base status in 20% of dogs and 7% of cats. A simple metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap was observed in 17% of dogs and 20% of cats, and a metabolic alkalosis was present in 4% of dogs and 7% of cats. The semiquantitative approach identified metabolic acid–base disorders in all animals. One or more acidifying processes were evident in 100% of dogs and 100% of cats, 1 or more alkalotic processes in 93% of dogs and 100% of cats, concurrent alkalotic and acidotic processes in 85% of dogs and 100% of cats, and unmeasured anions in all cases.ConclusionsDogs and cats with diabetic ketosis can have variable and complex acid–base disorders that may be better recognized using semiquantitative analysis. Diagnostic criteria such as low pH or a high anion gap may prevent the clinical recognition of diabetic ketoacidosis. 10.1111/vec.13447 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/vec.13447 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1111_vec_13447 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Retrospective evaluation of acid–base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017–2021): 96 cases Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Retrospective evaluation of acid–base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017–2021): 96 cases Lindsay N. Cuddy Kate Hopper Jamie M. Burkitt‐Creedon Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care AbstractObjectiveTo describe the acid–base balance of diabetic animals with ketosis and to identify underlying mechanisms of acid–base changes using semiquantitative analysis.DesignRetrospective study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsEighty‐one client‐owned dogs and 15 client‐owned cats with diabetes and concurrent ketosis presented to a university teaching hospital.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsThe medical records database was searched from January 2017 through December 2021 for dogs and cats with diabetes mellitus and ketones present in urine or blood samples that also had venous blood gas and serum biochemical assays performed within 24 hours of each other. Traditional analysis identified normal acid–base status in 20% of dogs and 7% of cats. A simple metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap was observed in 17% of dogs and 20% of cats, and a metabolic alkalosis was present in 4% of dogs and 7% of cats. The semiquantitative approach identified metabolic acid–base disorders in all animals. One or more acidifying processes were evident in 100% of dogs and 100% of cats, 1 or more alkalotic processes in 93% of dogs and 100% of cats, concurrent alkalotic and acidotic processes in 85% of dogs and 100% of cats, and unmeasured anions in all cases.ConclusionsDogs and cats with diabetic ketosis can have variable and complex acid–base disorders that may be better recognized using semiquantitative analysis. Diagnostic criteria such as low pH or a high anion gap may prevent the clinical recognition of diabetic ketoacidosis. 10.1111/vec.13447 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| title | Retrospective evaluation of acid–base analysis in dogs and cats with diabetic ketosis (2017–2021): 96 cases |
| topic | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vec.13447 |