Retrospective Acid–Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus (2003–2018): 100 Cases
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2026
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| author | Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein |
| author_facet | Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein |
| collection | Wiley Open Access |
| contents | Retrospective Acid–Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus (2003–2018): 100 Cases Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care ABSTRACT Objective To describe traditional and semiquantitative acid–base analyses of dogs with gastric dilatation–volvulus (GDV) presenting to an emergency department. Design Retrospective study. Setting University teaching hospital. Animals One hundred client‐owned dogs with a diagnosis of GDV between 2003 and 2018. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Dogs were included if a diagnosis of GDV was confirmed by abdominal radiographs or surgical visualization, and measurement of venous blood gas, electrolyte, and plasma lactate concentration was performed within 1 h of presentation. Traditional acid–base analysis was normal in 37% of dogs. A mixed disorder of concurrent respiratory and metabolic acidosis (22%) was the most common disorder identified, and primary metabolic acidosis occurred in 13% of animals. Hyperlactatemia was evident in 89% of all dogs, while an increased anion gap was present in only 8%. All 54 dogs included in the semiquantitative analysis had one or more abnormalities identified. The predominant acidotic processes identified were associated with hyperlactatemia (87%), unmeasured anions (50%), and hyperchloremia (28%). Alkalotic processes included hypoalbuminemia (59%) and contraction alkalosis (39%). Conclusions Dogs with GDV with venous blood work evaluated within 1 h of presentation have a variable acid–base balance, and traditional acid–base analysis was frequently normal. The anion gap did not reliably indicate the presence of hyperlactatemia. Semiquantitative acid–base analysis revealed that most dogs had multiple coexisting alkalotic and acidotic acid–base processes. Given the variability of acid–base balance in dogs with GDV, assessing each patient individually is essential. 10.1111/vec.70108 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/vec.70108 |
| format | Artículo Open Access |
| id | wiley_oa_10_1111_vec_70108 |
| institution | Wiley Open Access |
| license_str_mv | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | wiley_oa |
| spellingShingle | Retrospective Acid–Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus (2003–2018): 100 Cases Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Retrospective Acid–Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus (2003–2018): 100 Cases Eva‐Maria Talts Kate Hopper Steven E. Epstein Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care ABSTRACT Objective To describe traditional and semiquantitative acid–base analyses of dogs with gastric dilatation–volvulus (GDV) presenting to an emergency department. Design Retrospective study. Setting University teaching hospital. Animals One hundred client‐owned dogs with a diagnosis of GDV between 2003 and 2018. Interventions None. Measurements and Main Results Dogs were included if a diagnosis of GDV was confirmed by abdominal radiographs or surgical visualization, and measurement of venous blood gas, electrolyte, and plasma lactate concentration was performed within 1 h of presentation. Traditional acid–base analysis was normal in 37% of dogs. A mixed disorder of concurrent respiratory and metabolic acidosis (22%) was the most common disorder identified, and primary metabolic acidosis occurred in 13% of animals. Hyperlactatemia was evident in 89% of all dogs, while an increased anion gap was present in only 8%. All 54 dogs included in the semiquantitative analysis had one or more abnormalities identified. The predominant acidotic processes identified were associated with hyperlactatemia (87%), unmeasured anions (50%), and hyperchloremia (28%). Alkalotic processes included hypoalbuminemia (59%) and contraction alkalosis (39%). Conclusions Dogs with GDV with venous blood work evaluated within 1 h of presentation have a variable acid–base balance, and traditional acid–base analysis was frequently normal. The anion gap did not reliably indicate the presence of hyperlactatemia. Semiquantitative acid–base analysis revealed that most dogs had multiple coexisting alkalotic and acidotic acid–base processes. Given the variability of acid–base balance in dogs with GDV, assessing each patient individually is essential. 10.1111/vec.70108 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor |
| title | Retrospective Acid–Base Analysis in Dogs With Gastric Dilatation–Volvulus (2003–2018): 100 Cases |
| topic | Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care |
| url | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vec.70108 |