Resistance to the most recent protease and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors across HIV-1 non-B subtypes
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2025
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| author | Anta L Blanco JL Llibre JM García F Pérez-Elías MJ Aguilera A Pérez-Romero P Caballero E Vidal C Cañizares A Gutiérrez F Dalmau D Iribarren JA Soriano V De Mendoza C |
| author_facet | Anta L Blanco JL Llibre JM García F Pérez-Elías MJ Aguilera A Pérez-Romero P Caballero E Vidal C Cañizares A Gutiérrez F Dalmau D Iribarren JA Soriano V De Mendoza C |
| contents | <div> <div>Objectives</div> <p>Limited data are available on resistance to etravirine, rilpivirine, darunavir and tipranavir in patients infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes, in which natural polymorphisms at certain positions could influence the barrier and/or pathways to drug resistance.</p> </div> <div> <div>Methods</div> <p>FASTA format sequences from the reverse transcriptase and protease genes recorded within the Spanish Drug Resistance database (ResRIS) were examined.</p> </div> <div> <div>Results</div> <p>From 8272 genotypes derived from 5930 different HIV-1 patients included in ResRIS, 5276 genotypes had complete treatment information. Overall, 85% were from antiretroviral-experienced subjects and 7.5% belonged to HIV-1 non-B subtypes: CRF02_AG, C, F and G being the most prevalent variants. For etravirine, only G190A was more prevalent in B than non-B subtypes, whereas V90I and V179E were more frequent in non-B than B subtypes. For rilpivirine, V108I and Y188I were more frequent in B than non-B subtypes, whereas V90I was more prevalent in non-B subtypes. Despite these differences, the overall prevalence of resistance did not differ significantly when comparing etravirine or rilpivirine in B versus non-B subtypes (11.3% versus 7.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.13, and 10.5% versus 7.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.23, respectively). Despite more frequent natural polymorphisms in non-B than B subtypes at tipranavir resistance positions, the prevalence of tipranavir resistance was greater in B than non-B subtypes (11% versus 4.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.004), reflecting a greater antiretroviral exposure in the former. Darunavir resistance did not differ significantly when comparing B and non-B subtypes (5.8% versus 5.5%, <em>P</em> = 0.998).</p> </div> <div> <div>Conclusions</div> <p>The rate of resistance to the most recently approved protease and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is low in antiretroviral-experienced patients, regardless of the HIV-1 subtype.</p> </div> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_1093_jac_dkt146 |
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| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
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| spellingShingle | Resistance to the most recent protease and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors across HIV-1 non-B subtypes Anta L Blanco JL Llibre JM García F Pérez-Elías MJ Aguilera A Pérez-Romero P Caballero E Vidal C Cañizares A Gutiérrez F Dalmau D Iribarren JA Soriano V De Mendoza C <div> <div>Objectives</div> <p>Limited data are available on resistance to etravirine, rilpivirine, darunavir and tipranavir in patients infected with HIV-1 non-B subtypes, in which natural polymorphisms at certain positions could influence the barrier and/or pathways to drug resistance.</p> </div> <div> <div>Methods</div> <p>FASTA format sequences from the reverse transcriptase and protease genes recorded within the Spanish Drug Resistance database (ResRIS) were examined.</p> </div> <div> <div>Results</div> <p>From 8272 genotypes derived from 5930 different HIV-1 patients included in ResRIS, 5276 genotypes had complete treatment information. Overall, 85% were from antiretroviral-experienced subjects and 7.5% belonged to HIV-1 non-B subtypes: CRF02_AG, C, F and G being the most prevalent variants. For etravirine, only G190A was more prevalent in B than non-B subtypes, whereas V90I and V179E were more frequent in non-B than B subtypes. For rilpivirine, V108I and Y188I were more frequent in B than non-B subtypes, whereas V90I was more prevalent in non-B subtypes. Despite these differences, the overall prevalence of resistance did not differ significantly when comparing etravirine or rilpivirine in B versus non-B subtypes (11.3% versus 7.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.13, and 10.5% versus 7.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.23, respectively). Despite more frequent natural polymorphisms in non-B than B subtypes at tipranavir resistance positions, the prevalence of tipranavir resistance was greater in B than non-B subtypes (11% versus 4.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.004), reflecting a greater antiretroviral exposure in the former. Darunavir resistance did not differ significantly when comparing B and non-B subtypes (5.8% versus 5.5%, <em>P</em> = 0.998).</p> </div> <div> <div>Conclusions</div> <p>The rate of resistance to the most recently approved protease and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is low in antiretroviral-experienced patients, regardless of the HIV-1 subtype.</p> </div> |
| title | Resistance to the most recent protease and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors across HIV-1 non-B subtypes |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkt146 |