Tetralicia nevadensis
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| author | Ellenrieder, Natalia Von Gill, Raymond J. |
| author_facet | Ellenrieder, Natalia Von Gill, Raymond J. |
| contents | <p><b><i>Tetralicia nevadensis</i> (Dooley <i>in</i> Dooley, Lambrecht & Honda, 2010)</b></p><p>Figs 151–158</p><p><i>Aleuropleurocelus nevadensis</i> Dooley <i>in</i> Dooley, Lambrecht & Honda, 2010: 12.</p><p><i>Tetralicia nevadensis</i>: Valencia & Evans 2024: 220.</p><p><b>Material examined</b>. 10 puparia: U.S.A., California, San Bernardino County: 2, New York Mountains of E San Bernadino Co., on <i>Quercus turbinella</i>, 25.ix.1948, J.M. Tucker coll. [USNM]; Nevada, Clark County: 4 <b>paratypes</b>, Red Rock Canyon, Sand Stone Quarry, on <i>Quercus</i> sp., 27.iii.2008, J. Dooley coll. [CSCA]; Arizona, Maricopa County: 4, Phoenix, Mezetzal Mountains, 4000–5000 feet, on oak, 12.iii.1996, Gerling Coll. [CSCA].</p><p><b>Hosts</b>. Fagaceae: <i>Quercus turbinella</i> in California. Also recorded from Boraginaceae: <i>Eriodictyon</i> sp. and Ericaceae: <i>Arctostaphylos</i> sp. in Nevada (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><b>Description</b>.</p><p><i>Field Characteristics</i>. Puparium black, rounded-oval, usually solitary on upper or lower surface of the leaf without noticeable wax formation (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><i>Slide-mounted characters</i>. TMS ending before submargin, 'w' shaped, not lined with tubercles medially (Figs 151–153); longitudinal molting suture lined with tubercles from TMS to head; eyespots present, narrowly transverse, slit-like, with thickened posterior margin; Ce, T2 and T3 setae present, arising from tuberculate bases; T3 setae arising from just behind margin of metanotum (Figs 151–153); medial area smooth with large rounded tubercles on head, T1, and anterior portion of T2, a row of large squarish tubercles across anteromedial margin and a row of tubercles adjacent to posteromedial margin of each A1–A7 (Figs 151–153, 155), with pores and porettes on each side of submedial area of head (1+1–8+8), T2 (2+2–3+3), T3 (1+1–4+4), A1 (1+1), A2 (1+1), A3 (0–1+1), A4 (0–1+1), A5 (1+1), A6 (0–1+1), A7 (1+1), and A8 (1+1); lateral areas of dorsal disc with large rounded tubercles, with pairs of pores and porettes along sides of dorsal disc (Figs 153, 155); dorsal submargin with large rounded tubercles and pores (Figs 153, 155); deflexed submargin with large rounded tubercles and pores (Fig. 154); marginal glandular teeth subquadragular with tips smoothly rounded (Figs 154, 156); VO subtriangular, inset from posterior margin by about its own length; operculum cordate, its dorsal surface with a few longitudinal ridges and with microspinulae across distal third to fourth; lingula concealed by operculum; VO ring very narrow around lateral and posterior sections of VO, with anterior portion wide and open antero-medially (Figs 155, 157), with dorsal setae of A8 arising from tuberculate bases anterior to level of anterior margin of operculum (Figs 157, 158); caudal setae arising from tuberculate bases, widely separated, outside level of operculum lateral margins (Figs 157, 158); with two membranous ventral sacs medially to bases of mesothoracic legs (Fig. 156); venter with wide bands of spinulae medial to leg bases and around mouthparts and with fine granulations along tracheal openings (Fig. 156), and abdomen weakly granulated from margin to submargin and smoother toward the median (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><i>Measurements</i>. Puparium length: 615 ± 44; maximum width (at level TMS): 479 ± 47; length/maximum width: 1.3 ± 0.1; width at level of anterior margin of operculum: 260 ± 32; maximum width/width at anterior margin of operculum: 1.8 ± 0.1; deflexed submargin/body radius: 0.4 ± 0.1; Ce setae: 16 ± 4; T2 setae: 12; T3 setae: 12; dorsal A8 setae: 51 ± 7; caudal setae:43 ± 19; anterior marginal setae: 16; posterior marginal setae: 27 ± 10; ventral A8 setae: 19; VO ring length: 50 ± 6; VO ring width: 69 ± 8; VO ring length/width: 0.7 ± 0.05; caudal seta/VO ring length: 0.7 ± 0.2; caudal seta/operculum length: 1.5 ± 0.6; VO length: 33 ± 3; VO width: 32 ± 2; VO length/width: 1.1 ± 0.1; operculum length: 29 ± 4; operculum/VO length: 0.9 ± 0.05 (see Table 1 for ranges).</p><p><i>Similar species</i>. Other species with oval-rounded puparium lacking a caudal protuberance, with eyespots and Ce setae present, and TMS not reaching apparent margin, such as <i>T. abnormis</i> and <i>T. agrifoliae</i>.</p><p><i>Diagnosis</i>. The narrowly transverse slit-like eyespots are unique among California <i>Tetralicia</i> species. It differs further from <i>T. abnormis</i> by the lateral areas of dorsal disc, submargin, and deflexed margin bearing large rounded tubercles (Figs 151–155) [only a few small tubercles in <i>T. abnormis</i> on dorsum, and small granulations separated by transverse folds on deflexed submargin; Figs 29, 30, 35], and absence of mediolateral depressions lined with granulations on head, T2, and T3 (Figs 151–153) [present in <i>T. abnormis</i>, Figs 29, 30], and from <i>T. agrifoliae</i> by bases of caudal setae widely separated, outside level of lateral margins of VO ring (Figs 157, 158) [close together, within level of operculum lateral margins in <i>T. agrifoliae</i>, Fig. 49].</p><p><b>Remarks</b>. Since the cuticle is heavily ornamented in this species it is easy to overlook the setal sockets of the dorsal setae, especially in specimens not bleached sufficiently. Even though thoracic setae are stated to be absent in the original description (and are therefore treated as such in the key from Valencia & Evans 2024: 210), we confirmed the presence of setal sockets on both T2 and T3 (Figs 151–153) in all available specimens including four paratypes, and provide the measurements of T2 and T3 setae based on the one specimen in which they were not missing (Table 1).</p><p><b>Distribution</b>. Described from Nevada; here recorded from E San Bernardino County in Southern California and from Arizona.</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_14047095 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
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| spellingShingle | Tetralicia nevadensis Ellenrieder, Natalia Von Gill, Raymond J. Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Hemiptera Aleyrodidae Tetralicia Tetralicia nevadensis <p><b><i>Tetralicia nevadensis</i> (Dooley <i>in</i> Dooley, Lambrecht & Honda, 2010)</b></p><p>Figs 151–158</p><p><i>Aleuropleurocelus nevadensis</i> Dooley <i>in</i> Dooley, Lambrecht & Honda, 2010: 12.</p><p><i>Tetralicia nevadensis</i>: Valencia & Evans 2024: 220.</p><p><b>Material examined</b>. 10 puparia: U.S.A., California, San Bernardino County: 2, New York Mountains of E San Bernadino Co., on <i>Quercus turbinella</i>, 25.ix.1948, J.M. Tucker coll. [USNM]; Nevada, Clark County: 4 <b>paratypes</b>, Red Rock Canyon, Sand Stone Quarry, on <i>Quercus</i> sp., 27.iii.2008, J. Dooley coll. [CSCA]; Arizona, Maricopa County: 4, Phoenix, Mezetzal Mountains, 4000–5000 feet, on oak, 12.iii.1996, Gerling Coll. [CSCA].</p><p><b>Hosts</b>. Fagaceae: <i>Quercus turbinella</i> in California. Also recorded from Boraginaceae: <i>Eriodictyon</i> sp. and Ericaceae: <i>Arctostaphylos</i> sp. in Nevada (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><b>Description</b>.</p><p><i>Field Characteristics</i>. Puparium black, rounded-oval, usually solitary on upper or lower surface of the leaf without noticeable wax formation (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><i>Slide-mounted characters</i>. TMS ending before submargin, 'w' shaped, not lined with tubercles medially (Figs 151–153); longitudinal molting suture lined with tubercles from TMS to head; eyespots present, narrowly transverse, slit-like, with thickened posterior margin; Ce, T2 and T3 setae present, arising from tuberculate bases; T3 setae arising from just behind margin of metanotum (Figs 151–153); medial area smooth with large rounded tubercles on head, T1, and anterior portion of T2, a row of large squarish tubercles across anteromedial margin and a row of tubercles adjacent to posteromedial margin of each A1–A7 (Figs 151–153, 155), with pores and porettes on each side of submedial area of head (1+1–8+8), T2 (2+2–3+3), T3 (1+1–4+4), A1 (1+1), A2 (1+1), A3 (0–1+1), A4 (0–1+1), A5 (1+1), A6 (0–1+1), A7 (1+1), and A8 (1+1); lateral areas of dorsal disc with large rounded tubercles, with pairs of pores and porettes along sides of dorsal disc (Figs 153, 155); dorsal submargin with large rounded tubercles and pores (Figs 153, 155); deflexed submargin with large rounded tubercles and pores (Fig. 154); marginal glandular teeth subquadragular with tips smoothly rounded (Figs 154, 156); VO subtriangular, inset from posterior margin by about its own length; operculum cordate, its dorsal surface with a few longitudinal ridges and with microspinulae across distal third to fourth; lingula concealed by operculum; VO ring very narrow around lateral and posterior sections of VO, with anterior portion wide and open antero-medially (Figs 155, 157), with dorsal setae of A8 arising from tuberculate bases anterior to level of anterior margin of operculum (Figs 157, 158); caudal setae arising from tuberculate bases, widely separated, outside level of operculum lateral margins (Figs 157, 158); with two membranous ventral sacs medially to bases of mesothoracic legs (Fig. 156); venter with wide bands of spinulae medial to leg bases and around mouthparts and with fine granulations along tracheal openings (Fig. 156), and abdomen weakly granulated from margin to submargin and smoother toward the median (Dooley <i>et al</i>. 2010).</p><p><i>Measurements</i>. Puparium length: 615 ± 44; maximum width (at level TMS): 479 ± 47; length/maximum width: 1.3 ± 0.1; width at level of anterior margin of operculum: 260 ± 32; maximum width/width at anterior margin of operculum: 1.8 ± 0.1; deflexed submargin/body radius: 0.4 ± 0.1; Ce setae: 16 ± 4; T2 setae: 12; T3 setae: 12; dorsal A8 setae: 51 ± 7; caudal setae:43 ± 19; anterior marginal setae: 16; posterior marginal setae: 27 ± 10; ventral A8 setae: 19; VO ring length: 50 ± 6; VO ring width: 69 ± 8; VO ring length/width: 0.7 ± 0.05; caudal seta/VO ring length: 0.7 ± 0.2; caudal seta/operculum length: 1.5 ± 0.6; VO length: 33 ± 3; VO width: 32 ± 2; VO length/width: 1.1 ± 0.1; operculum length: 29 ± 4; operculum/VO length: 0.9 ± 0.05 (see Table 1 for ranges).</p><p><i>Similar species</i>. Other species with oval-rounded puparium lacking a caudal protuberance, with eyespots and Ce setae present, and TMS not reaching apparent margin, such as <i>T. abnormis</i> and <i>T. agrifoliae</i>.</p><p><i>Diagnosis</i>. The narrowly transverse slit-like eyespots are unique among California <i>Tetralicia</i> species. It differs further from <i>T. abnormis</i> by the lateral areas of dorsal disc, submargin, and deflexed margin bearing large rounded tubercles (Figs 151–155) [only a few small tubercles in <i>T. abnormis</i> on dorsum, and small granulations separated by transverse folds on deflexed submargin; Figs 29, 30, 35], and absence of mediolateral depressions lined with granulations on head, T2, and T3 (Figs 151–153) [present in <i>T. abnormis</i>, Figs 29, 30], and from <i>T. agrifoliae</i> by bases of caudal setae widely separated, outside level of lateral margins of VO ring (Figs 157, 158) [close together, within level of operculum lateral margins in <i>T. agrifoliae</i>, Fig. 49].</p><p><b>Remarks</b>. Since the cuticle is heavily ornamented in this species it is easy to overlook the setal sockets of the dorsal setae, especially in specimens not bleached sufficiently. Even though thoracic setae are stated to be absent in the original description (and are therefore treated as such in the key from Valencia & Evans 2024: 210), we confirmed the presence of setal sockets on both T2 and T3 (Figs 151–153) in all available specimens including four paratypes, and provide the measurements of T2 and T3 setae based on the one specimen in which they were not missing (Table 1).</p><p><b>Distribution</b>. Described from Nevada; here recorded from E San Bernardino County in Southern California and from Arizona.</p> |
| title | Tetralicia nevadensis |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Hemiptera Aleyrodidae Tetralicia Tetralicia nevadensis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14047095 |