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| Format: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2025
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| Online-Zugang: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15105583 |
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Inhaltsangabe:
- <p>Sodium benzoate and caffeine are commonly used preservatives and stimulants in carbonated <br>beverages. Their levels must be monitored to ensure compliance with regulatory limits and <br>assess potential health risks. This study aimed to develop and validate a cost-effective UV-<br>spectrophotometric methods for quantifying sodium benzoate and caffeine in commercial soft <br>drinks. The quantification was based on maximum absorption at wavelengths of 224 nm and <br>272 nm, respectively, using water as the solvent system. Two technique was developed, and <br>method was demonstrated with excellent linearity (R² = 0.998), precision (%RSD < 2%), and <br>accuracy (% recovery: 97.78%). The LOD and LOQ for sodium benzoate were found to be <br>0.3552 µg/ml and 1.0763 µg/ml, while for caffeine, they were 0.3481 µg/ml and 1.0548 <br>µg/ml, respectively. <br>Forced degradation studies were conducted under five stress conditions (acidic, alkaline, <br>oxidative, thermal, and photolytic). The highest degradation was observed under photolytic <br>conditions (98.92% for sodium benzoate, 85.34% for caffeine), indicating the importance of <br>controlled storage conditions. Analysis of commercial soft drinks revealed sodium benzoate <br>concentrations between 5.7062–8.8184 µg/ml and caffeine concentrations between 27.6953–<br>30.6262 µg/ml. The detected levels were within the FDA-approved limits (0.1% w/w for <br>sodium benzoate, up to 300 mg/L for caffeine). <br>The validated method is reliable for routine quality control of sodium benzoate and caffeine <br>in beverages. The findings emphasize the need for stringent quality control measures to <br>ensure consumer safety and product stability. <br>Sodium benzoate and caffeine are widely used as preservatives and stimulants in carbonated <br>beverages, necessitating their routine monitoring to ensure regulatory compliance and assess <br>potential health risks. This study aimed to develop and validate a cost-effective UV-<br>spectrophotometric method for the quantification of sodium benzoate and caffeine incommercial soft drinks. The quantification was performed at maximum absorption <br>wavelengths of 224 nm for sodium benzoate and 272 nm for caffeine, using water as the <br>solvent system. Two analytical techniques were developed, and the method demonstrated <br>excellent linearity (R² = 0.998), precision (%RSD < 2%), and accuracy (% recovery: <br>97.78%). The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) for sodium benzoate were <br>determined to be 0.3552 µg/ml and 1.0763 µg/ml, respectively, while for caffeine, they were <br>0.3481 µg/ml and 1.0548 µg/ml. <br>To evaluate the stability of the analytes, forced degradation studies were conducted under five <br>stress conditions: acidic, alkaline, oxidative, thermal, and photolytic. The highest degradation <br>was observed under photolytic conditions, with degradation rates of 98.92% for sodium <br>benzoate and 85.34% for caffeine, underscoring the importance of proper storage conditions <br>to maintain product stability. Analysis of commercially available soft drinks revealed sodium <br>benzoate concentrations ranging from 5.7062 to 8.8184 µg/ml and caffeine concentrations <br>between 27.6953 and 30.6262 µg/ml, all within FDA-approved limits (0.1% w/w for sodium <br>benzoate and up to 300 mg/L for caffeine). <br>The validated method provides a reliable, accurate, and cost-effective approach for routine <br>quality control of sodium benzoate and caffeine in carbonated beverages. The findings <br>highlight the necessity for stringent quality control measures to ensure product safety, <br>regulatory compliance, and consumer protection. Given the widespread consumption of these <br>beverages, this study holds significant relevance for regulatory agencies, manufacturers, and <br>public health authorities, reinforcing the importance of continuous monitoring to uphold food <br>safety standards </p>