Adaptation of the Russian Metallurgical Sector to the CBAM and EU Sanctions
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2025
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| _version_ | 1866901647377039360 |
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| author | North American Academic Research |
| author_facet | North American Academic Research |
| contents | <p><span lang="EN-US">Background: The Russian metallurgical sector faces dual pressures from the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), aimed at curbing carbon leakage, and escalating sanctions restricting trade and technological access. These intersecting policies challenge firms to reconcile decarbonization mandates with geopolitical constraints, necessitating adaptive strategies to sustain competitiveness. This study investigates how leading Russian metallurgical enterprises navigate these challenges, focusing on firm-level responses to concurrent environmental and geopolitical disruptions. Methods: Employing a comparative case analysis of PJSC RUSAL and PJSC NLMK, the research integrates institutional resilience theory and a political economy framework. Data were drawn from financial reports (2022–2024), EU regulatory documents, corporate sustainability disclosures, and trade statistics to evaluate adaptation strategies, including technological modernization, market diversification, and compliance mechanisms. Results: RUSAL reduced its aluminum carbon footprint to 5.9 t CO₂-eq/t via hydropower and inert anode technology, retaining 80% of EU exports despite sanctions. NLMK circumvented trade barriers through a joint venture in India, doubling its regional market share to 50%. However, logistical bottlenecks (e.g., rail capacity shortages) and price discounts in alternative markets eroded profitability, while sanctions impeded access to critical technologies for smaller firms like Severstal. Conclusions: The findings underscore the viability of low-carbon innovation and geopolitical diversification as resilience strategies, yet highlight systemic risks from infrastructure deficits and market saturation. Future research should explore sector-wide scalability of green technologies and policy frameworks to align domestic carbon pricing with international mechanisms. Policymakers are urged to prioritize infrastructure investments and multilateral dialogues to mitigate trade disruptions, ensuring equitable transitions in carbon-intensive industries under geopolitical strain.</span></p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_15350701 |
| institution | Zenodo |
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| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Adaptation of the Russian Metallurgical Sector to the CBAM and EU Sanctions North American Academic Research <p><span lang="EN-US">Background: The Russian metallurgical sector faces dual pressures from the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), aimed at curbing carbon leakage, and escalating sanctions restricting trade and technological access. These intersecting policies challenge firms to reconcile decarbonization mandates with geopolitical constraints, necessitating adaptive strategies to sustain competitiveness. This study investigates how leading Russian metallurgical enterprises navigate these challenges, focusing on firm-level responses to concurrent environmental and geopolitical disruptions. Methods: Employing a comparative case analysis of PJSC RUSAL and PJSC NLMK, the research integrates institutional resilience theory and a political economy framework. Data were drawn from financial reports (2022–2024), EU regulatory documents, corporate sustainability disclosures, and trade statistics to evaluate adaptation strategies, including technological modernization, market diversification, and compliance mechanisms. Results: RUSAL reduced its aluminum carbon footprint to 5.9 t CO₂-eq/t via hydropower and inert anode technology, retaining 80% of EU exports despite sanctions. NLMK circumvented trade barriers through a joint venture in India, doubling its regional market share to 50%. However, logistical bottlenecks (e.g., rail capacity shortages) and price discounts in alternative markets eroded profitability, while sanctions impeded access to critical technologies for smaller firms like Severstal. Conclusions: The findings underscore the viability of low-carbon innovation and geopolitical diversification as resilience strategies, yet highlight systemic risks from infrastructure deficits and market saturation. Future research should explore sector-wide scalability of green technologies and policy frameworks to align domestic carbon pricing with international mechanisms. Policymakers are urged to prioritize infrastructure investments and multilateral dialogues to mitigate trade disruptions, ensuring equitable transitions in carbon-intensive industries under geopolitical strain.</span></p> |
| title | Adaptation of the Russian Metallurgical Sector to the CBAM and EU Sanctions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15350701 |