Chrysis intricata Brulle 1846
Fuente:
Zenodo
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Recurso digital |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Zenodo
2025
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| _version_ | 1866902305594408960 |
|---|---|
| author | Rosa, Paolo Brothers, Denis J. |
| author_facet | Rosa, Paolo Brothers, Denis J. |
| contents | <p><b><i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846 and associated species</b></p><p><i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846: 25. Syntype ♀♀; French Guiana: Cayenne; USA: Philadelphia (lost); Lucena <i>et al</i>. (2024: 24).</p><p><i>Chrysis smidti</i> Dahlbom, 1854: 317. Syntype ♀♀; South America: ‘America meridionali’ (lost, not UZIL or UZM) according to Bohart (1962).</p><p><i>Chrysis proxima</i> Cameron, 1888: 465. Holotype ♀; Panama (NHMUK) (not examined).</p><p><i>Chrysis</i> (<i>Hexachrysis</i>) <i>aenescens</i> Mocsáry, 1889: 577. Holotype ♀; French Guiana: Cayenne (MHNG, not NHMW) (not examined).</p><p><i>Chrysis henrici</i> du Buysson, 1891: 44. Holotype ♀; Mexico (lost).</p><p><b>Material examined.</b> Several specimens in European collections identified as <i>Chrysis intricata</i> but belonging to different species.</p><p>Kimsey & Bohart (1991) placed <i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846 within the <i>Chr. smaragdula</i> group listing several synonyms, including species described from Mexico to Argentina. The type of <i>Chr. intricata</i> seems to be lost together with the other types which originated from Serville’s collection (Rosa 2024a). PR has examined the types of the species synonymized with <i>Chr. intricata</i>, except the types of <i>Chr. proxima</i> Cameron, 1888 and <i>Chr. henrici</i> du Buysson, 1891 considered to be the female of <i>Pleurochrysis bruchi</i> (Brèthes, 1903) by Linsenmaier (1985), whose depository is currently unknown, and <i>Chrysis smidti</i> Dahlbom, 1854 for which PR could not find the type, neither at UZM (also <i>teste</i> L. Vilhemsen) nor at UZIL (also <i>teste</i> R. Danielsson). The type of <i>Chr. aenescens</i> Mocsáry, 1889 is not at NHMW, as stated by Kimsey & Bohart (1991), but in MHNG, as written in the original description; PR saw this type some years ago without taking any pictures and the collection is currently closed for renovation, therefore he could not access the material for further research. Consequently, we retain these four taxa as junior subjective synonyms of <i>Chr. intricata</i>.</p><p>Based on morphological examination, we recognise at least three species:</p><p>(1) The first is <i>Chrysis aequinoctialis</i> Dahlbom, 1854, <b>stat. resurr.</b> (Fig. 3A), with <i>Chr. schulthessi</i> Mocsáry, 1889, <b>syn. nov.</b> (Fig. 3B), and <i>Chr. peruviana</i> du Buysson, 1898, <b>syn. nov.</b> (Fig. 3C), that should be considered as its synonyms. They all exhibit similar sculpture; uniform blue body colour with two blue basal stripes on the second and third terga, though the latter stripe is not visible in <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i>; and identical structure and position in the apical margin of the third tergum, including the pits, the pit row and apical teeth. <i>Chr. schulthessi</i> and <i>Chr. peruviana</i> also share the same mesopleuron shape, carinate on the lower part, but PR could not check this character in <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i> due to the current inaccessibility of the Spinola collection. However, Rosa & Xu (2015) already noticed inconsistences between the type of <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i> and the description of <i>Chr. intricata</i> given by Bohart & Kimsey (1982).</p><p>(2) The second species is <i>Chr. anceps</i> Gribodo, 1879, <b>stat. resurr.</b> (Fig. 4A), with two synonyms: <i>Chr. aperta</i> du Buysson, 1898, <b>syn. nov.</b> and <i>Chr. hexodontophora</i> Bischoff, 1910, <b>syn. nov</b>. They have the typical coloration of Neotropical species, green with blue to dark blue and black areas between the punctures on the pronotum and mesoscutum, and transversal blue stripes on the second and third terga, with blue median areas on all metasomal segments. The third tergum is also different with the post pit row area elongate and protruding behind the pit row, with lateral teeth that are more widely spaced from the median ones. They also share the strongly carinate lower mesopleuron, forming a tooth-like projection visible in lateral view. The metasomal punctation of <i>Chr. anceps</i> consists of large, separated punctures (Fig. 4A), with shagreened interspaces. Based on material deposited at European museums, we observed that Ducke identified this species as <i>Chr. smidti</i>.</p><p>(2) The third species, <i>Chr. cognata</i> Gribodo, 1879, <b>stat. resurr.</b>, shares a similar colour pattern but is predominatly light blue rather than green. It has a very dense punctation on the metasoma (Fig. 4B); especially on the second tergum, where it becomes uniform and small on the second half, and on the third tergum, which is evenly and densely punctate, contrasting with the large, separated punctures of <i>Chr. anceps</i>.</p><p>Due to differences in punctation, the shape of the third tergum, and colour pattern we consider <i>Chrysis aequinoctialis</i> Dahlbom, 1854 <b>stat. resurr.</b>, <i>Chr. anceps</i> Gribodo, 1879 <b>stat. resurr.</b> and <i>Chr. cognata</i> Gribodo, 1879 <b>stat. resurr.</b> valid species.</p><p><i>Chrysis proxima</i>, <i>Chr. henrici</i>, <i>Chr. smidti</i> and <i>Chr. aenescens</i> may be valid species or synonyms of other species. In the Neotropics, only another six species of the <i>smaragdula</i> group are known: <i>Chr. cubensis</i> Guérin-Méneville, 1842 (type examined) from Cuba; <i>Chr. fabricii</i> Mocsáry, 1882 (type of its synonym <i>Chr. dromeda</i> du Buysson, 1898 examined) described from Cayenne and distributed from Suriname to Argentina (Kimsey & Bohart 1991), and including more species based on material deposited at European collections (e.g. in MSNG); <i>Chr. insularis</i> Guérin-Méneville, 1842 (type examined) from the Dominican Republic; <i>Chr. patagonica</i> Mocsáry, 1889 (type at MHNG, not examined for temporary unavailability of the collection) from Argentina, but also recorded from Mexico; <i>Chr. smaragdula</i> Fabricius, 1775 (type examined) described from North America (“ <i>America boreali</i> ”) and distributed South to Costa Rica. These species are distinct based on various morphological characters and are not involved in the taxa related to <i>Chr. intricata</i>. The true identity of <i>Chr. intricata</i> remains unresolved, as specimens identified as such in European museums belong to various species. However, based on the description, <i>Chr. intricata</i> can be recognised by the large and contiguous punctures on the head and mesosoma, and double, very dense punctation on the metasoma, with the largest punctures smaller than those on the mesosoma. The pits in the pit row are very large and unequal in size. Since the original description is clear enough to identify a morphospecies, we do not consider <i>Chr. intricata</i> a nomen dubium.</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_15843623 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Chrysis intricata Brulle 1846 Rosa, Paolo Brothers, Denis J. Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Hymenoptera Masaridae Chrysis Chrysis intricata <p><b><i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846 and associated species</b></p><p><i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846: 25. Syntype ♀♀; French Guiana: Cayenne; USA: Philadelphia (lost); Lucena <i>et al</i>. (2024: 24).</p><p><i>Chrysis smidti</i> Dahlbom, 1854: 317. Syntype ♀♀; South America: ‘America meridionali’ (lost, not UZIL or UZM) according to Bohart (1962).</p><p><i>Chrysis proxima</i> Cameron, 1888: 465. Holotype ♀; Panama (NHMUK) (not examined).</p><p><i>Chrysis</i> (<i>Hexachrysis</i>) <i>aenescens</i> Mocsáry, 1889: 577. Holotype ♀; French Guiana: Cayenne (MHNG, not NHMW) (not examined).</p><p><i>Chrysis henrici</i> du Buysson, 1891: 44. Holotype ♀; Mexico (lost).</p><p><b>Material examined.</b> Several specimens in European collections identified as <i>Chrysis intricata</i> but belonging to different species.</p><p>Kimsey & Bohart (1991) placed <i>Chrysis intricata</i> Brullé, 1846 within the <i>Chr. smaragdula</i> group listing several synonyms, including species described from Mexico to Argentina. The type of <i>Chr. intricata</i> seems to be lost together with the other types which originated from Serville’s collection (Rosa 2024a). PR has examined the types of the species synonymized with <i>Chr. intricata</i>, except the types of <i>Chr. proxima</i> Cameron, 1888 and <i>Chr. henrici</i> du Buysson, 1891 considered to be the female of <i>Pleurochrysis bruchi</i> (Brèthes, 1903) by Linsenmaier (1985), whose depository is currently unknown, and <i>Chrysis smidti</i> Dahlbom, 1854 for which PR could not find the type, neither at UZM (also <i>teste</i> L. Vilhemsen) nor at UZIL (also <i>teste</i> R. Danielsson). The type of <i>Chr. aenescens</i> Mocsáry, 1889 is not at NHMW, as stated by Kimsey & Bohart (1991), but in MHNG, as written in the original description; PR saw this type some years ago without taking any pictures and the collection is currently closed for renovation, therefore he could not access the material for further research. Consequently, we retain these four taxa as junior subjective synonyms of <i>Chr. intricata</i>.</p><p>Based on morphological examination, we recognise at least three species:</p><p>(1) The first is <i>Chrysis aequinoctialis</i> Dahlbom, 1854, <b>stat. resurr.</b> (Fig. 3A), with <i>Chr. schulthessi</i> Mocsáry, 1889, <b>syn. nov.</b> (Fig. 3B), and <i>Chr. peruviana</i> du Buysson, 1898, <b>syn. nov.</b> (Fig. 3C), that should be considered as its synonyms. They all exhibit similar sculpture; uniform blue body colour with two blue basal stripes on the second and third terga, though the latter stripe is not visible in <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i>; and identical structure and position in the apical margin of the third tergum, including the pits, the pit row and apical teeth. <i>Chr. schulthessi</i> and <i>Chr. peruviana</i> also share the same mesopleuron shape, carinate on the lower part, but PR could not check this character in <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i> due to the current inaccessibility of the Spinola collection. However, Rosa & Xu (2015) already noticed inconsistences between the type of <i>Chr. aequinoctialis</i> and the description of <i>Chr. intricata</i> given by Bohart & Kimsey (1982).</p><p>(2) The second species is <i>Chr. anceps</i> Gribodo, 1879, <b>stat. resurr.</b> (Fig. 4A), with two synonyms: <i>Chr. aperta</i> du Buysson, 1898, <b>syn. nov.</b> and <i>Chr. hexodontophora</i> Bischoff, 1910, <b>syn. nov</b>. They have the typical coloration of Neotropical species, green with blue to dark blue and black areas between the punctures on the pronotum and mesoscutum, and transversal blue stripes on the second and third terga, with blue median areas on all metasomal segments. The third tergum is also different with the post pit row area elongate and protruding behind the pit row, with lateral teeth that are more widely spaced from the median ones. They also share the strongly carinate lower mesopleuron, forming a tooth-like projection visible in lateral view. The metasomal punctation of <i>Chr. anceps</i> consists of large, separated punctures (Fig. 4A), with shagreened interspaces. Based on material deposited at European museums, we observed that Ducke identified this species as <i>Chr. smidti</i>.</p><p>(2) The third species, <i>Chr. cognata</i> Gribodo, 1879, <b>stat. resurr.</b>, shares a similar colour pattern but is predominatly light blue rather than green. It has a very dense punctation on the metasoma (Fig. 4B); especially on the second tergum, where it becomes uniform and small on the second half, and on the third tergum, which is evenly and densely punctate, contrasting with the large, separated punctures of <i>Chr. anceps</i>.</p><p>Due to differences in punctation, the shape of the third tergum, and colour pattern we consider <i>Chrysis aequinoctialis</i> Dahlbom, 1854 <b>stat. resurr.</b>, <i>Chr. anceps</i> Gribodo, 1879 <b>stat. resurr.</b> and <i>Chr. cognata</i> Gribodo, 1879 <b>stat. resurr.</b> valid species.</p><p><i>Chrysis proxima</i>, <i>Chr. henrici</i>, <i>Chr. smidti</i> and <i>Chr. aenescens</i> may be valid species or synonyms of other species. In the Neotropics, only another six species of the <i>smaragdula</i> group are known: <i>Chr. cubensis</i> Guérin-Méneville, 1842 (type examined) from Cuba; <i>Chr. fabricii</i> Mocsáry, 1882 (type of its synonym <i>Chr. dromeda</i> du Buysson, 1898 examined) described from Cayenne and distributed from Suriname to Argentina (Kimsey & Bohart 1991), and including more species based on material deposited at European collections (e.g. in MSNG); <i>Chr. insularis</i> Guérin-Méneville, 1842 (type examined) from the Dominican Republic; <i>Chr. patagonica</i> Mocsáry, 1889 (type at MHNG, not examined for temporary unavailability of the collection) from Argentina, but also recorded from Mexico; <i>Chr. smaragdula</i> Fabricius, 1775 (type examined) described from North America (“ <i>America boreali</i> ”) and distributed South to Costa Rica. These species are distinct based on various morphological characters and are not involved in the taxa related to <i>Chr. intricata</i>. The true identity of <i>Chr. intricata</i> remains unresolved, as specimens identified as such in European museums belong to various species. However, based on the description, <i>Chr. intricata</i> can be recognised by the large and contiguous punctures on the head and mesosoma, and double, very dense punctation on the metasoma, with the largest punctures smaller than those on the mesosoma. The pits in the pit row are very large and unequal in size. Since the original description is clear enough to identify a morphospecies, we do not consider <i>Chr. intricata</i> a nomen dubium.</p> |
| title | Chrysis intricata Brulle 1846 |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Hymenoptera Masaridae Chrysis Chrysis intricata |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15843623 |