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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Recurso digital |
| Language: | |
| Published: |
Zenodo
2025
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17329875 |
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Table of Contents:
- <p>This study aims to examine the role played by gender, affiliation to a political party, insider <br>ownership, and narcissism of top executives i.e., chief executive officer (CEO) and chief <br>financial officer (CFO) on the three firm risk-taking measures, namely total risk, systematic <br>risk, and idiosyncratic risk. In the context of our study, we define the political affiliation of an <br>individual as having a direct or indirect connection to a government, a government officer, a <br>political party, or a politician. Insider ownership is the proportion of stock held directly by <br>company directors, managers, and other management personnel through exercising employee <br>stock options or through private corporations (Bauer et al., 2021). Lastly, the American <br>Psychiatric Association defines narcissism as “a persistent pattern of need for admiration, lack <br>of empathy, and grandiosity” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).</p>