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| Format: | Recurso digital |
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Zenodo
2025
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17598929 |
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Table of Contents:
- <div dir="ltr"><strong>Title:</strong> Comprehensive Analysis of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Communication Methods using the ESP32 Platform <p><strong>Summary:</strong></p> <p>This paper presents a systematic and comparative technical analysis of the four primary Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) communication paradigms implemented on the widely used ESP32 microcontroller platform. Moving beyond simple protocol definitions, this work provides critical architectural guidance for developers and researchers, detailing the inherent trade-offs between data throughput, communication latency, guaranteed reliability, and network scalability for each method.</p> <p>The analysis is essential for system architects designing robust, energy-efficient wireless solutions in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain.</p> <p><strong>Detailed Methodologies Explored:</strong></p> <ol> <li> <p><strong>Connected Attribute Exchange (GATT):</strong> Detailed examination of the Client-Server duality, the hierarchical structure of Services and Characteristics, and the critical data flow mechanisms (Read, Write, Notify, and Acknowledge-based Indicate).</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Connectionless Data Dissemination (Advertising):</strong> Analysis of using raw GAP advertising packets for ultra-low latency, one-to-many broadcasting, focusing on payload structure and scalability.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Standardized Proximity Signaling (Beacons):</strong> Coverage of iBeacon and Eddystone protocols, highlighting how adherence to standard payloads enables system-level contextual triggers and location-based services on host devices.</p> </li> <li> <p><strong>Multi-Hop Networking (BLE Mesh):</strong> In-depth review of the scalable, many-to-many topology, including specialized node roles (Relay, Proxy, Low Power Node, Friend Node) necessary for wide-area control networks and power optimization.</p> </li> </ol> <p><strong>Key Findings and Utility:</strong></p> <p>The paper culminates in a structured <strong>Comparative Matrix</strong> that directly maps each BLE protocol to key performance metrics, allowing developers to make informed architectural decisions. Furthermore, the content is organized to align with visual learning, explicitly recommending accompanying figures and supplemental multimedia material to clarify complex protocol interactions (e.g., the difference between acknowledged and unacknowledged data pushes, and multi-hop routing paths).</p> <p><strong>Target Audience:</strong></p> <p>IoT Engineers, Embedded Systems Developers, Network Architects, Electrical Engineers, and Computer Science Researchers specializing in wireless protocols.</p> <p><strong>Keywords :</strong></p> <p><code>Bluetooth Low Energy</code>, <code>BLE</code>, <code>ESP32</code>, <code>IoT</code>, <code>GATT</code>, <code>Advertising</code>, <code>Beacons</code>, <code>Bluetooth Mesh</code>, <code>Embedded Systems</code>, <code>Wireless Networking</code>, <code>Protocol Analysis</code>, <code>Distributed Systems</code></p> </div> <p></p>