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2025
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17678704 |
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| author | Rajgor Hiral A.*, Thakkar Dinesh V., Patel Richi R. |
| author_facet | Rajgor Hiral A.*, Thakkar Dinesh V., Patel Richi R. |
| contents | <p><span>Counterfeit drugs pose a severe global public health threat, compromising patient safety, undermining the pharmaceutical industry, and damaging national reputations. These illicit products range from medicines with incorrect or absent active ingredients to those with falsified packaging, expired, relabelled products, and adulterated formulations. The World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), and the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) define counterfeit and falsified medicines based on their misrepresentation of identity, source, or composition. This review consolidates global and Indian perspectives on the scale, distribution, and impact of counterfeit pharmaceuticals, highlighting that prevalence is highest in regions with weak regulatory enforcement. Commonly counterfeited categories include anti-infectives, sexual health drugs, and cardiovascular medicines. The review discusses the socio-economic, regulatory, and logistical factors contributing to counterfeit proliferation, such as inadequate legal deterrence, post-GST distribution challenges in India, and increased demand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Detection strategies range from visual inspection and simple chemical tests to advanced spectroscopic (UV–Vis, Raman, NMR, XRD) and chromatographic (TLC, HPLC, LC-MS) methods. Prevention approaches emphasize serialization, blockchain integration with artificial intelligence, and overt/covert packaging technologies to enhance supply chain transparency. The paper underscores the need for harmonized global policies, technological interventions, and stakeholder collaboration to mitigate counterfeit drug circulation and safeguard public health. </span></p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_17678704 |
| institution | Zenodo |
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| publishDate | 2025 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Counterfeit Drugs: Detection And Prevention Strategies Rajgor Hiral A.*, Thakkar Dinesh V., Patel Richi R. Counterfeit drugs, falsified medicines, Detection Strategies (Spectroscopic & Chromatographic approach), Prevention Strategies (serialization & Blockchain Technology) <p><span>Counterfeit drugs pose a severe global public health threat, compromising patient safety, undermining the pharmaceutical industry, and damaging national reputations. These illicit products range from medicines with incorrect or absent active ingredients to those with falsified packaging, expired, relabelled products, and adulterated formulations. The World Health Organization (WHO), the US Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), and the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) define counterfeit and falsified medicines based on their misrepresentation of identity, source, or composition. This review consolidates global and Indian perspectives on the scale, distribution, and impact of counterfeit pharmaceuticals, highlighting that prevalence is highest in regions with weak regulatory enforcement. Commonly counterfeited categories include anti-infectives, sexual health drugs, and cardiovascular medicines. The review discusses the socio-economic, regulatory, and logistical factors contributing to counterfeit proliferation, such as inadequate legal deterrence, post-GST distribution challenges in India, and increased demand during the COVID-19 pandemic. Detection strategies range from visual inspection and simple chemical tests to advanced spectroscopic (UV–Vis, Raman, NMR, XRD) and chromatographic (TLC, HPLC, LC-MS) methods. Prevention approaches emphasize serialization, blockchain integration with artificial intelligence, and overt/covert packaging technologies to enhance supply chain transparency. The paper underscores the need for harmonized global policies, technological interventions, and stakeholder collaboration to mitigate counterfeit drug circulation and safeguard public health. </span></p> |
| title | Counterfeit Drugs: Detection And Prevention Strategies |
| topic | Counterfeit drugs, falsified medicines, Detection Strategies (Spectroscopic & Chromatographic approach), Prevention Strategies (serialization & Blockchain Technology) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17678704 |