The Chemical and Socio-Spatial Frontier: Causal Modeling of Non-Exhaust and Industrial PM2.5 Speciation and Longitudinal Equity in the Post- Mitigation ULEZ Environment
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| Formato: | Recurso digital |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866902309252890624 |
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| author | Otieno, Benard Otieno |
| author_facet | Otieno, Benard Otieno |
| contents | <h2><a name="_Toc219377750"></a><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></h2> <p><strong><span>Background</span></strong><span>: London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) has lessened exhaust discharges, refining air quality, and health outcomes like children’s lung function. However, latest expansions reveal a plateau, with PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels exceeding WHO recommendations due to non-exhaust (brake/tire wear) and industrial sources. The scrappage scheme’s closure in September 2024 exacerbates financial burdens on low-income, car owner groups, raising equity concerns.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Objectives</span></strong><span>: This study aims to quantify spatial exposure to speciated PM<sub>2.5 </sub>pollutants (Industrial: V, Ni, As, non-exhaust: Fe, Cu, Zn) across deprivation deciles, establish causal links to respiratory health and anxiety, and assess post-mitigation residual stress and social isolation in vulnerable populations.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong><span>: Employing a quasi-experimental Difference-in-Difference design, incorporate LAQN/Defra speciation data with GIS (GWR) for mapping and Positive Matrix factorization for source apportionment. Link to CHILL/NHS health data via mixed-effects regression. Qualitative semi-structured interviews (n=30-40) with Outer London occupants denote recognition justice.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Expected Outcome</span></strong><span>: Findings will inform targeted policies on industrial areas and non-exhaust controls, advocating perpetual equity support. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Key words</span></strong><span>: ULEZ, PM<sub>2.5</sub>Speciation, non-exhaust emissions, industrial pollution, environmental justice, socio-spatial equity, source apportionment, Difference-in-Difference, recognition justice.</span></p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_18334788 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | The Chemical and Socio-Spatial Frontier: Causal Modeling of Non-Exhaust and Industrial PM2.5 Speciation and Longitudinal Equity in the Post- Mitigation ULEZ Environment Otieno, Benard Otieno ULEZ PM2.5 Speciation Non-Exhaust emissions Industrial pollution Envrionmental justice Socio-spatial equity Source apportionment Difference-in-Differences Recognition justice <h2><a name="_Toc219377750"></a><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></h2> <p><strong><span>Background</span></strong><span>: London’s Ultra Low Emission Zone (ULEZ) has lessened exhaust discharges, refining air quality, and health outcomes like children’s lung function. However, latest expansions reveal a plateau, with PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels exceeding WHO recommendations due to non-exhaust (brake/tire wear) and industrial sources. The scrappage scheme’s closure in September 2024 exacerbates financial burdens on low-income, car owner groups, raising equity concerns.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Objectives</span></strong><span>: This study aims to quantify spatial exposure to speciated PM<sub>2.5 </sub>pollutants (Industrial: V, Ni, As, non-exhaust: Fe, Cu, Zn) across deprivation deciles, establish causal links to respiratory health and anxiety, and assess post-mitigation residual stress and social isolation in vulnerable populations.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Methods</span></strong><span>: Employing a quasi-experimental Difference-in-Difference design, incorporate LAQN/Defra speciation data with GIS (GWR) for mapping and Positive Matrix factorization for source apportionment. Link to CHILL/NHS health data via mixed-effects regression. Qualitative semi-structured interviews (n=30-40) with Outer London occupants denote recognition justice.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Expected Outcome</span></strong><span>: Findings will inform targeted policies on industrial areas and non-exhaust controls, advocating perpetual equity support. </span></p> <p><strong><span>Key words</span></strong><span>: ULEZ, PM<sub>2.5</sub>Speciation, non-exhaust emissions, industrial pollution, environmental justice, socio-spatial equity, source apportionment, Difference-in-Difference, recognition justice.</span></p> |
| title | The Chemical and Socio-Spatial Frontier: Causal Modeling of Non-Exhaust and Industrial PM2.5 Speciation and Longitudinal Equity in the Post- Mitigation ULEZ Environment |
| topic | ULEZ PM2.5 Speciation Non-Exhaust emissions Industrial pollution Envrionmental justice Socio-spatial equity Source apportionment Difference-in-Differences Recognition justice |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18334788 |