Carbonation Performance of Mortar Cube Incorporating Rice Husk as Sustainable Supplementary Cementitious Material

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Autori principali: Chandra Shekhar Kumar, Sujit Kumar, Dr. Sanjay Kumar, Dr. Bimal Kumar
Natura: Recurso digital
Pubblicazione: Zenodo 2026
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author Chandra Shekhar Kumar
Sujit Kumar
Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Dr. Bimal Kumar
author_facet Chandra Shekhar Kumar
Sujit Kumar
Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Dr. Bimal Kumar
contents Carbonation reduces the alkalinity of mortar by converting calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate, leading to a significant drop in pH. Prolonged carbonation may result in long-term deterioration of mechanical performance and reduced service life of mortar structures. Increased carbonation depth enhances permeability, facilitating the ingress of moisture and aggressive agents. The carbonation performance of mortar cubes incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) as a sustainable supplementary cementitious material is shown in this paper. RHA was used as a partial replacement of cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Cement mortar cubes (without RHA) were also tested to evaluate long-term carbonation behaviour. All specimens were exposed to a controlled accelerated carbonation chamber after standard curing. Carbonation depth was measured using the phenolphthalein indicator method. The results showed that RHA significantly influenced the pore structure and carbonation resistance of mortar. Mortars with 5% and 10% RHA exhibited lower carbonation depths than the control mix. Higher replacement levels (15–20%) resulted in increased carbonation depth due to dilution of cementitious phases. Aged cement mortar cubes showed deeper carbonation than RHA-modified mortars. The optimum carbonation resistance was observed at 10% RHA replacement. The study confirms that RHA improves durability while promoting sustainable cement use.
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publishDate 2026
publisher Zenodo
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spellingShingle Carbonation Performance of Mortar Cube Incorporating Rice Husk as Sustainable Supplementary Cementitious Material
Chandra Shekhar Kumar
Sujit Kumar
Dr. Sanjay Kumar
Dr. Bimal Kumar
Mortar Cube
Rice Husk
Carbonation reduces the alkalinity of mortar by converting calcium hydroxide into calcium carbonate, leading to a significant drop in pH. Prolonged carbonation may result in long-term deterioration of mechanical performance and reduced service life of mortar structures. Increased carbonation depth enhances permeability, facilitating the ingress of moisture and aggressive agents. The carbonation performance of mortar cubes incorporating rice husk ash (RHA) as a sustainable supplementary cementitious material is shown in this paper. RHA was used as a partial replacement of cement at 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight. Cement mortar cubes (without RHA) were also tested to evaluate long-term carbonation behaviour. All specimens were exposed to a controlled accelerated carbonation chamber after standard curing. Carbonation depth was measured using the phenolphthalein indicator method. The results showed that RHA significantly influenced the pore structure and carbonation resistance of mortar. Mortars with 5% and 10% RHA exhibited lower carbonation depths than the control mix. Higher replacement levels (15–20%) resulted in increased carbonation depth due to dilution of cementitious phases. Aged cement mortar cubes showed deeper carbonation than RHA-modified mortars. The optimum carbonation resistance was observed at 10% RHA replacement. The study confirms that RHA improves durability while promoting sustainable cement use.
title Carbonation Performance of Mortar Cube Incorporating Rice Husk as Sustainable Supplementary Cementitious Material
topic Mortar Cube
Rice Husk
url https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18470306