Brucellosis as a One Health Challenge: Diagnosis, Control and Future Directions
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2026
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| author | Ghaffar, Usama Ghafoor, Muzafar Noor, Eman Iftikhar, Amna Kharl, Rai Bahadur Sana, Muhammad Adan Rehman, Anees-ur- Rabia |
| author_facet | Ghaffar, Usama Ghafoor, Muzafar Noor, Eman Iftikhar, Amna Kharl, Rai Bahadur Sana, Muhammad Adan Rehman, Anees-ur- Rabia |
| contents | <p><strong><span>Brucellosis as a One Health Challenge: Diagnosis, Control and Future Directions</span></strong></p> <p><span>Usama Ghaffar<sup>1</sup>, Muzafar Ghafoor<sup>1</sup>, Eman Noor<sup>2</sup>, Amna Iftikhar<sup>3</sup> , Rai Bahadur Kharl<sup>1</sup>, Muhammad Adan Sana<sup>4</sup>, Anees-ur-Rehman<sup>1</sup>, Rabia<sup>1</sup></span></p> <p><sup><span>1</span></sup><span>Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>3</span></sup><span>University Medical & Dental College, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>4</span></sup><span>Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><span>*Corresponding authors:</span><span> </span><span>drusamaghaffar@gmail.com</span></p> <p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><span>Brucellosis, caused by bacteria of the genus <em>Brucella</em>, is an important zoonotic disease of global significance of great public health and economic importance. The disease affect mainly the livestock causing reproductive failure and decreased productivity while human infection is associated with wide variety of clinical manifestations ranging from acute febrile illness to chronic complications including osteoarticular disease, neurobrucellosis, and endocarditis. Despite the availability of conventional diagnostic tools and vaccines, brucellosis is still endemic in many regions especially in low- and middle-income countries, which is attributed to limitations related to surveillance, diagnostics and control programs. The current state of knowledge for the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic difficulties, and control strategies of brucellosis are summarized in this review. Emphasis is made on the relevance of<span> </span>One Health approach where human, animal and environmental health sectors are integrated for effective management of these diseases. Advances in molecular diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-based techniques and new biosensor technology are highlighted as some of the promising tools for early detection. In addition, the numerous issues of antimicrobial resistance were highlighted, taking into consideration the importance of proper antimicrobial stewardship and development of safer and more efficacious vaccines. Strengthening collaboration, research, and policy frameworks across the globe through coordinated One Health approach is essential in tackling burden of brucellosis on public health, agriculture systems throughout the world.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Keywords:</span></strong><span> Brucellosis; One Health; Zoonotic diseases; Molecular diagnostics; Antimicrobial resistance</span></p> |
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| spellingShingle | Brucellosis as a One Health Challenge: Diagnosis, Control and Future Directions Ghaffar, Usama Ghafoor, Muzafar Noor, Eman Iftikhar, Amna Kharl, Rai Bahadur Sana, Muhammad Adan Rehman, Anees-ur- Rabia <p><strong><span>Brucellosis as a One Health Challenge: Diagnosis, Control and Future Directions</span></strong></p> <p><span>Usama Ghaffar<sup>1</sup>, Muzafar Ghafoor<sup>1</sup>, Eman Noor<sup>2</sup>, Amna Iftikhar<sup>3</sup> , Rai Bahadur Kharl<sup>1</sup>, Muhammad Adan Sana<sup>4</sup>, Anees-ur-Rehman<sup>1</sup>, Rabia<sup>1</sup></span></p> <p><sup><span>1</span></sup><span>Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>2</span></sup><span>Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, UVAS, Lahore, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>3</span></sup><span>University Medical & Dental College, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><sup><span>4</span></sup><span>Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.</span></p> <p><span>*Corresponding authors:</span><span> </span><span>drusamaghaffar@gmail.com</span></p> <p><strong><span>Abstract</span></strong></p> <p><span>Brucellosis, caused by bacteria of the genus <em>Brucella</em>, is an important zoonotic disease of global significance of great public health and economic importance. The disease affect mainly the livestock causing reproductive failure and decreased productivity while human infection is associated with wide variety of clinical manifestations ranging from acute febrile illness to chronic complications including osteoarticular disease, neurobrucellosis, and endocarditis. Despite the availability of conventional diagnostic tools and vaccines, brucellosis is still endemic in many regions especially in low- and middle-income countries, which is attributed to limitations related to surveillance, diagnostics and control programs. The current state of knowledge for the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic difficulties, and control strategies of brucellosis are summarized in this review. Emphasis is made on the relevance of<span> </span>One Health approach where human, animal and environmental health sectors are integrated for effective management of these diseases. Advances in molecular diagnostic techniques such as polymerase chain reaction-based techniques and new biosensor technology are highlighted as some of the promising tools for early detection. In addition, the numerous issues of antimicrobial resistance were highlighted, taking into consideration the importance of proper antimicrobial stewardship and development of safer and more efficacious vaccines. Strengthening collaboration, research, and policy frameworks across the globe through coordinated One Health approach is essential in tackling burden of brucellosis on public health, agriculture systems throughout the world.</span></p> <p><strong><span>Keywords:</span></strong><span> Brucellosis; One Health; Zoonotic diseases; Molecular diagnostics; Antimicrobial resistance</span></p> |
| title | Brucellosis as a One Health Challenge: Diagnosis, Control and Future Directions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18493340 |