Funiliomycetaceae L. X. Mi, K. D. Hyde, H. Y. Song & D. M. Hu 2026, fam. nov.
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2026
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| author | Mi, Li-Xue Hu, Dian-Ming Hyde, Kevin D. Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D. Mapook, Ausana Tennakoon, Danushka S. Zhang, Jing-Yi Song, Hai-Yan |
| author_facet | Mi, Li-Xue Hu, Dian-Ming Hyde, Kevin D. Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D. Mapook, Ausana Tennakoon, Danushka S. Zhang, Jing-Yi Song, Hai-Yan |
| contents | <p>Funiliomycetaceae L. X. Mi, K. D. Hyde, H. Y. Song & D. M. Hu fam. nov.</p><p><b>Etymology.</b></p><p>Name refers to the type genus <i>Funiliomyces</i>.</p><p><b>Type genus.</b></p><p><i>Funiliomyces</i> Aptroot, Studies in Mycology 50 (2): 309 (2004).</p><p><b>Description.</b></p><p>Saprobic, endophytic, or epiphytic on diverse plant hosts in tropical to temperate regions. Sexual morph: <i>Ascomata</i> black, subglobose, immersed to erumpent. <i>Wall</i> composed of irregular layers of regularly melanized, flattened cells, with no color change in KOH. <i>Paraphyses</i> absent. <i>Asci</i> cylindrical, 8 - spored, with a thickened apex bearing a central refractive, IKI-negative apical apparatus, and enclosed by parenchymatous tissue. <i>Ascospores</i> pale brown, torpedo-shaped, 2 - septate, upper cell pointed, lower cell rounded, hyaline granules or oil droplets, bearing two hyaline mucilaginous appendages. Asexual morph: <i>Mycelium</i> consisting of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, <i>s</i> ometimes forming hyphal ropes. <i>Conidiophores</i> macronematous, mononematous, solitary or in small groups, erect, straight to flexuous, subcylindrical to cylindrical (apex sometimes inflated), simple or occasionally branched, hyaline to brown, septate, sometimes reduced to conidiogenous cells. <i>Conidiogenous cells</i> integrated, terminal or lateral, sympodial, mono- to polyblastic, hyaline to brown, cylindrical to clavate, with flat-tipped or denticulate apices; denticles (when present) large, cylindrical to geniculate, cylindrical, truncate, or pimple-like, or lacking entirely. <i>Conidia</i> solitary, hyaline to pale smoky, smooth, septate, narrowly fusiform to cylindrical, with obtuse, subobtuse, or tapering apices and truncate or rounded bases; dimensions variable among species.</p><p><b>Notes.</b></p><p>A new family, <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i>, is proposed to accommodate a distinct, strongly supported clade comprising the genus <i>Funiliomyces</i> and several related lineages historically identified as “ <i>Dactylaria</i> ”. <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> shares general sexual characters with <i>Amphisphaeriales</i>, including immersed to semi-immersed ascomata and unitunicate asci with an apical ring (Aptroot 2004). However, the family is readily distinguished from all currently accepted families in the order by its unique ascospore morphology: the ascospores are fusiform, consistently biseptate, and bear both apical and median appendages, a combination of characters not reported in other families of <i>Amphisphaeriales</i> (Aptroot 2004). The asexual morph of <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> is hyphomycetous, characterized by conidiogenous cells that are sympodial, terminal or lateral, integrated, and denticulate (when present, denticles are large and cylindrical to geniculate), producing solitary, hyaline to pale smoky, smooth, septate, narrowly fusiform to cylindrical conidia with obtuse to tapering apices and truncate or rounded bases. <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> shares similar sexual features with <i>Nothodactylariaceae (Nothodactylaria)</i>, such as <i>Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis</i> (Cours et al. 2019 b). However, <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> is phylogenetically distinct from the families in <i>Amphisphaeriales</i>, as supported by multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 2) and inter-familial genetic distance comparisons (Table 3).</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_18511235 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Funiliomycetaceae L. X. Mi, K. D. Hyde, H. Y. Song & D. M. Hu 2026, fam. nov. Mi, Li-Xue Hu, Dian-Ming Hyde, Kevin D. Eungwanichayapant, Prapassorn D. Mapook, Ausana Tennakoon, Danushka S. Zhang, Jing-Yi Song, Hai-Yan Biodiversity Taxonomy Fungi Ascomycota Sordariomycetes Amphisphaeriales Funiliomycetaceae <p>Funiliomycetaceae L. X. Mi, K. D. Hyde, H. Y. Song & D. M. Hu fam. nov.</p><p><b>Etymology.</b></p><p>Name refers to the type genus <i>Funiliomyces</i>.</p><p><b>Type genus.</b></p><p><i>Funiliomyces</i> Aptroot, Studies in Mycology 50 (2): 309 (2004).</p><p><b>Description.</b></p><p>Saprobic, endophytic, or epiphytic on diverse plant hosts in tropical to temperate regions. Sexual morph: <i>Ascomata</i> black, subglobose, immersed to erumpent. <i>Wall</i> composed of irregular layers of regularly melanized, flattened cells, with no color change in KOH. <i>Paraphyses</i> absent. <i>Asci</i> cylindrical, 8 - spored, with a thickened apex bearing a central refractive, IKI-negative apical apparatus, and enclosed by parenchymatous tissue. <i>Ascospores</i> pale brown, torpedo-shaped, 2 - septate, upper cell pointed, lower cell rounded, hyaline granules or oil droplets, bearing two hyaline mucilaginous appendages. Asexual morph: <i>Mycelium</i> consisting of branched, septate, smooth, hyaline to pale brown hyphae, <i>s</i> ometimes forming hyphal ropes. <i>Conidiophores</i> macronematous, mononematous, solitary or in small groups, erect, straight to flexuous, subcylindrical to cylindrical (apex sometimes inflated), simple or occasionally branched, hyaline to brown, septate, sometimes reduced to conidiogenous cells. <i>Conidiogenous cells</i> integrated, terminal or lateral, sympodial, mono- to polyblastic, hyaline to brown, cylindrical to clavate, with flat-tipped or denticulate apices; denticles (when present) large, cylindrical to geniculate, cylindrical, truncate, or pimple-like, or lacking entirely. <i>Conidia</i> solitary, hyaline to pale smoky, smooth, septate, narrowly fusiform to cylindrical, with obtuse, subobtuse, or tapering apices and truncate or rounded bases; dimensions variable among species.</p><p><b>Notes.</b></p><p>A new family, <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i>, is proposed to accommodate a distinct, strongly supported clade comprising the genus <i>Funiliomyces</i> and several related lineages historically identified as “ <i>Dactylaria</i> ”. <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> shares general sexual characters with <i>Amphisphaeriales</i>, including immersed to semi-immersed ascomata and unitunicate asci with an apical ring (Aptroot 2004). However, the family is readily distinguished from all currently accepted families in the order by its unique ascospore morphology: the ascospores are fusiform, consistently biseptate, and bear both apical and median appendages, a combination of characters not reported in other families of <i>Amphisphaeriales</i> (Aptroot 2004). The asexual morph of <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> is hyphomycetous, characterized by conidiogenous cells that are sympodial, terminal or lateral, integrated, and denticulate (when present, denticles are large and cylindrical to geniculate), producing solitary, hyaline to pale smoky, smooth, septate, narrowly fusiform to cylindrical conidia with obtuse to tapering apices and truncate or rounded bases. <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> shares similar sexual features with <i>Nothodactylariaceae (Nothodactylaria)</i>, such as <i>Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis</i> (Cours et al. 2019 b). However, <i>Funiliomycetaceae</i> is phylogenetically distinct from the families in <i>Amphisphaeriales</i>, as supported by multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (Fig. 2) and inter-familial genetic distance comparisons (Table 3).</p> |
| title | Funiliomycetaceae L. X. Mi, K. D. Hyde, H. Y. Song & D. M. Hu 2026, fam. nov. |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Fungi Ascomycota Sordariomycetes Amphisphaeriales Funiliomycetaceae |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18511235 |