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Main Authors: Elena, Vancea, Dr. Kenji, Tanaka
Format: Recurso digital
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Published: Zenodo 2026
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18687603
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author Elena, Vancea
Dr. Kenji, Tanaka
author_facet Elena, Vancea
Dr. Kenji, Tanaka
contents <p><span>The confluence of big data, cloud computing, and stringent privacy regulations has made secure outsourced analytics a critical necessity. Distance-based learning algorithms, such as k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and clustering, are fundamental tools for data exploration but face profound scalability challenges when applied to encrypted data. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the scalability bottlenecks inherent in performing distance-based learning on encrypted big data. We deconstruct the problem by examining the computational and communication overheads imposed by leading encryption paradigms, including Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Garbled Circuits (GC), and Oblivious RAM (ORAM). The analysis reveals a scalability trilemma where data volume, data dimensionality, and security guarantees compete for resources, leading to impractical latencies and bandwidth consumption. Through a quantitative evaluation, we illustrate the exponential growth in processing time and storage overhead as dataset size increases. We further explore the efficacy of contemporary optimization strategies, such as hybrid cryptographic protocols, dimensionality reduction, and secure hardware enclaves. The article concludes by outlining open research problems and charting potential future directions to bridge the gap between the theoretical promise of privacy-preserving machine learning and its practical, scalable deployment.</span></p>
format Recurso digital
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institution Zenodo
language
publishDate 2026
publisher Zenodo
record_format zenodo
spellingShingle Scalability Challenges of Distance-Based Learning over Encrypted Big Data
Elena, Vancea
Dr. Kenji, Tanaka
Machine learning
Data analysis
<p><span>The confluence of big data, cloud computing, and stringent privacy regulations has made secure outsourced analytics a critical necessity. Distance-based learning algorithms, such as k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) and clustering, are fundamental tools for data exploration but face profound scalability challenges when applied to encrypted data. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the scalability bottlenecks inherent in performing distance-based learning on encrypted big data. We deconstruct the problem by examining the computational and communication overheads imposed by leading encryption paradigms, including Homomorphic Encryption (HE), Garbled Circuits (GC), and Oblivious RAM (ORAM). The analysis reveals a scalability trilemma where data volume, data dimensionality, and security guarantees compete for resources, leading to impractical latencies and bandwidth consumption. Through a quantitative evaluation, we illustrate the exponential growth in processing time and storage overhead as dataset size increases. We further explore the efficacy of contemporary optimization strategies, such as hybrid cryptographic protocols, dimensionality reduction, and secure hardware enclaves. The article concludes by outlining open research problems and charting potential future directions to bridge the gap between the theoretical promise of privacy-preserving machine learning and its practical, scalable deployment.</span></p>
title Scalability Challenges of Distance-Based Learning over Encrypted Big Data
topic Machine learning
Data analysis
url https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18687603