Ethosomes as Advanced Vesicular Nanocarriers for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Formulation Principles, Mechanistic Insights, Characterization Strategies, and Therapeutic Applications
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866901580658245632 |
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| author | Vaidehi Mane*, Saeed Mulla, Abhishek Jalihale, Kiran Mokashi, Naziya Patel |
| author_facet | Vaidehi Mane*, Saeed Mulla, Abhishek Jalihale, Kiran Mokashi, Naziya Patel |
| contents | <p><span>Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional oral and parenteral routes due to their ability to enhance patient compliance, provide controlled drug release, and bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, the highly organized lipid matrix of the stratum corneum represents a formidable barrier that restricts drug permeation. Ethosomes, ethanol-rich phospholipid nanovesicles, have been developed as advanced carriers capable of enhancing dermal and transdermal drug delivery.<strong> </strong>This comprehensive review discusses the structural organization of the skin barrier, limitations of conventional vesicular systems, formulation design of ethosomes, mechanisms underlying enhanced permeation, preparation methods, physicochemical characterization, optimization strategies, stability concerns, and scale-up considerations. A critical comparison with conventional liposomes and transfersomes is provided. Furthermore, therapeutic applications including antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, anti-psoriatic, and chronic disease management are examined. Emerging hybrid systems such as transethosomes and ethosomal gels are also discussed. Finally, regulatory challenges, clinical translation barriers, and future research directions are analyzed. Ethosomes represent a promising nanotechnological platform for next-generation transdermal drug delivery, though further clinical validation is required for widespread commercialization</span></p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_18979237 |
| institution | Zenodo |
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| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
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| spellingShingle | Ethosomes as Advanced Vesicular Nanocarriers for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Formulation Principles, Mechanistic Insights, Characterization Strategies, and Therapeutic Applications Vaidehi Mane*, Saeed Mulla, Abhishek Jalihale, Kiran Mokashi, Naziya Patel Ethosomes, Transdermal drug delivery, Vesicular nanocarriers, Skin permeation, Nanotechnology, Phospholipid vesicles <p><span>Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have emerged as a promising alternative to conventional oral and parenteral routes due to their ability to enhance patient compliance, provide controlled drug release, and bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism. However, the highly organized lipid matrix of the stratum corneum represents a formidable barrier that restricts drug permeation. Ethosomes, ethanol-rich phospholipid nanovesicles, have been developed as advanced carriers capable of enhancing dermal and transdermal drug delivery.<strong> </strong>This comprehensive review discusses the structural organization of the skin barrier, limitations of conventional vesicular systems, formulation design of ethosomes, mechanisms underlying enhanced permeation, preparation methods, physicochemical characterization, optimization strategies, stability concerns, and scale-up considerations. A critical comparison with conventional liposomes and transfersomes is provided. Furthermore, therapeutic applications including antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, anti-psoriatic, and chronic disease management are examined. Emerging hybrid systems such as transethosomes and ethosomal gels are also discussed. Finally, regulatory challenges, clinical translation barriers, and future research directions are analyzed. Ethosomes represent a promising nanotechnological platform for next-generation transdermal drug delivery, though further clinical validation is required for widespread commercialization</span></p> |
| title | Ethosomes as Advanced Vesicular Nanocarriers for Transdermal Drug Delivery: Formulation Principles, Mechanistic Insights, Characterization Strategies, and Therapeutic Applications |
| topic | Ethosomes, Transdermal drug delivery, Vesicular nanocarriers, Skin permeation, Nanotechnology, Phospholipid vesicles |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18979237 |