| _version_ | 1866901166902738944 |
|---|---|
| author | Tan, Ming Kai Yap, Sheryl A. Badon, Jade Aster T. Robillard, Tony |
| author_facet | Tan, Ming Kai Yap, Sheryl A. Badon, Jade Aster T. Robillard, Tony |
| contents | <p><b><i>Axylus negros</i> Ingrisch, 2015</b></p><p>(Figs 8–11)</p><p><i>Axylus negros</i> Ingrisch, 2015: 51 — Tan <i>et al.</i>, 2025: 41, 58.</p><p><b>Type material examined (images).</b> PHILIPPINES • ♂ holotype; Negros Or. [Oriental], L. Balinsasayao [9°21’N, 123°11’E], 1–7 October 1959; coll. C.M. Yoshimoto (Honolulu BPBM).</p><p><b>New material examined.</b> PHILIPPINES • 1♀; Negros Island, Negros Oriental, Baslay, coffee agroforest; N9.22551 E123.19530, 838.3± 6.5 m.a.s.l.; 18 October 2025, 20h16; among herb; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.80 (MNHN) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14207 E123.55056, 225.5± 9.4 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h19; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.117 (ZRC) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14234 E123.55058, 234.8± 7.8 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h27; on branch near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard;VSY.25.118 (ZRC) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling)forest; N9.14261 E123.55052, 252.8± 13.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h36; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.119 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14237 E123.55032, 257.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h04; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.121 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14213 E123.55052, 232.5± 15.8 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h09; on Pandan; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.122 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14183 E123.55035, 252.3± 7.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h41; among herb near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.124 (MNHN).</p><p><b>Remarks.</b> Our specimens from Siquijor Island appear darker in colouration in general, but the black patterns on the frons, gena and lateral lobes of pronotum are consistent with the holotype (Figs 8, 9 10A, 10B). We also do not find observable differences in the male stridulatory area (Fig. 10C), tenth abdominal tergite, epiproct, cercus and subgenital plate (Figs 10D, 10E), as well as the titillators (although the apices of the lateral arms are faintly different) (Fig. 10F). The male cercus and titillators are also distinctly different from those of <i>Axylus philippinus</i> (Hebard, 1922) from Luzon and Western Visayas.</p><p><b>Type locality.</b> Philippines: Negros Island: Negros Oriental: Lake Balinsasayao.</p><p><b>Distribution.</b> Philippines (Negros Island, Siquijor Island [new locality record]).</p><p><b>Calling song (2♂, 30.0°C) (Fig. 11).</b> The calling song consists of irregular sequences of echemes. Each sequence is made up of 4 to 13 echemes, average duration is 2.56± 0.80 s (0.93– 4.27 s). Each echeme is made up of average 3±1 syllables (2–5 syllables). Average echeme duration is 0.10± 0.04 s (0.05– 0.18 s), average silent interval between consecutive echemes is 0.20± 0.05 s (0.14– 0.36 s) and average echeme period is 0.03± 0.08 s (0.21– 0.54 s). Average syllable duration is 13.1±2.2 ms (9.6–17.3 ms), average silent interval between consecutive syllables is 24.3±2.4 ms (19.4–30.4 ms) and average syllable period is 37.4±3.3 ms (31.5–43.2 ms). The call spectrum is broadband and non-asymmetrical; two main energy ranges, between ca. 10 and 20 kHz and ca 40 kHz. The average peak frequency is 17.1±0.8 kHz (15.8–19.3 kHz).</p><p>The calling song differs from that of morphologically similar <i>Axylus philippinus</i> (Hebard, 1922) from Luzon and Western Visayas (see Tan <i>et al.</i>, 2023) by its call structure (irregular sequences of echemes <i>vs.</i> continuous trill, respectively; typically tri-syllabic <i>vs.</i> di-syllabic echemes) and temporal call parameters. The frequency spectrum in both species has two energy peaks; but the peak frequency of <i>A. negros</i> is in the sonic range, whereas that of <i>A. philippinus</i> is in the ultrasonic range (17.1 <i>vs.</i> 34.7 kHz).</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19178114 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Axylus negros Ingrisch 2015 Tan, Ming Kai Yap, Sheryl A. Badon, Jade Aster T. Robillard, Tony Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Orthoptera Tettigoniidae Axylus Axylus negros <p><b><i>Axylus negros</i> Ingrisch, 2015</b></p><p>(Figs 8–11)</p><p><i>Axylus negros</i> Ingrisch, 2015: 51 — Tan <i>et al.</i>, 2025: 41, 58.</p><p><b>Type material examined (images).</b> PHILIPPINES • ♂ holotype; Negros Or. [Oriental], L. Balinsasayao [9°21’N, 123°11’E], 1–7 October 1959; coll. C.M. Yoshimoto (Honolulu BPBM).</p><p><b>New material examined.</b> PHILIPPINES • 1♀; Negros Island, Negros Oriental, Baslay, coffee agroforest; N9.22551 E123.19530, 838.3± 6.5 m.a.s.l.; 18 October 2025, 20h16; among herb; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.80 (MNHN) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14207 E123.55056, 225.5± 9.4 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h19; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.117 (ZRC) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14234 E123.55058, 234.8± 7.8 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h27; on branch near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard;VSY.25.118 (ZRC) • 1♀; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling)forest; N9.14261 E123.55052, 252.8± 13.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 19h36; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.119 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14237 E123.55032, 257.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h04; among foliage near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.121 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14213 E123.55052, 232.5± 15.8 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h09; on Pandan; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.122 (ZRC) • 1♂; Siquijor Island, San Juan, Bulalakaw (Canghaling) forest; N9.14183 E123.55035, 252.3± 7.5 m.a.s.l.; 20 October 2025, 20h41; among herb near ground; coll. M.K. Tan, S.A. Yap & T. Robillard; VSY.25.124 (MNHN).</p><p><b>Remarks.</b> Our specimens from Siquijor Island appear darker in colouration in general, but the black patterns on the frons, gena and lateral lobes of pronotum are consistent with the holotype (Figs 8, 9 10A, 10B). We also do not find observable differences in the male stridulatory area (Fig. 10C), tenth abdominal tergite, epiproct, cercus and subgenital plate (Figs 10D, 10E), as well as the titillators (although the apices of the lateral arms are faintly different) (Fig. 10F). The male cercus and titillators are also distinctly different from those of <i>Axylus philippinus</i> (Hebard, 1922) from Luzon and Western Visayas.</p><p><b>Type locality.</b> Philippines: Negros Island: Negros Oriental: Lake Balinsasayao.</p><p><b>Distribution.</b> Philippines (Negros Island, Siquijor Island [new locality record]).</p><p><b>Calling song (2♂, 30.0°C) (Fig. 11).</b> The calling song consists of irregular sequences of echemes. Each sequence is made up of 4 to 13 echemes, average duration is 2.56± 0.80 s (0.93– 4.27 s). Each echeme is made up of average 3±1 syllables (2–5 syllables). Average echeme duration is 0.10± 0.04 s (0.05– 0.18 s), average silent interval between consecutive echemes is 0.20± 0.05 s (0.14– 0.36 s) and average echeme period is 0.03± 0.08 s (0.21– 0.54 s). Average syllable duration is 13.1±2.2 ms (9.6–17.3 ms), average silent interval between consecutive syllables is 24.3±2.4 ms (19.4–30.4 ms) and average syllable period is 37.4±3.3 ms (31.5–43.2 ms). The call spectrum is broadband and non-asymmetrical; two main energy ranges, between ca. 10 and 20 kHz and ca 40 kHz. The average peak frequency is 17.1±0.8 kHz (15.8–19.3 kHz).</p><p>The calling song differs from that of morphologically similar <i>Axylus philippinus</i> (Hebard, 1922) from Luzon and Western Visayas (see Tan <i>et al.</i>, 2023) by its call structure (irregular sequences of echemes <i>vs.</i> continuous trill, respectively; typically tri-syllabic <i>vs.</i> di-syllabic echemes) and temporal call parameters. The frequency spectrum in both species has two energy peaks; but the peak frequency of <i>A. negros</i> is in the sonic range, whereas that of <i>A. philippinus</i> is in the ultrasonic range (17.1 <i>vs.</i> 34.7 kHz).</p> |
| title | Axylus negros Ingrisch 2015 |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Orthoptera Tettigoniidae Axylus Axylus negros |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19178114 |