| _version_ | 1866901652801323008 |
|---|---|
| author | Jałoszyński, Paweł |
| author_facet | Jałoszyński, Paweł |
| contents | <p><b><i>Cephennodes</i> (s. str.) <i>yonaguniensis</i> Hoshina</b></p><p>(Figs 57–65)</p><p><i>Cephennodes</i> (<i>Cephennodes</i>) <i>yonaguniensis</i> Hoshina, 2012: 426.</p><p><b>Type material studied.</b> <b>Holotype (JAPAN: Yonaguni Is.):</b> ♂, “{locality in Japanese characters, the following text is translated:} Okinawa-ken, Yonaguni-jima / Kubura-dake / {in Latin alphabet:} 15. iii. 2012 / H. Hoshina leg. / (in the litter)” [white, printed], “ Holotype ” (red, printed), “ Cephennodes / yonaguniensis / Hoshina” (white, printed), and collection barcode label with “B1-682628” (white, printed) (MNHAH).</p><p><b>Additional material studied.</b> 1 ♂, Japan, Yonaguni-jima, Inbi-dake, 10.09.2004, leg. K. Arai (cPJ).</p><p><b>Emended diagnosis.</b> Body small, BL ~ 1.15 mm; antennae with indistinctly delimited trimerous clubs; punctures on head, pronotum and elytra similarly fine and inconspicuous; pronotal lateral carinae single; subhumeral lines short, as long as 0.2 × EL. Aedeagus (Figs 58–61) with basal capsule in ventral view weakly asymmetrical, oval and slightly irregular in shape, distally broadly subtriangular and rounded, parameres subequal in length to median lobe but much longer than basal capsule.</p><p><b>Redescription.</b> Body of male (Fig. 57) moderately convex, elongate oval, with shallow and relatively indistinct constriction between pronotum and elytra, light brown with slightly lighter tarsi, covered with yellowish brown setae. BL 1.15 mm.</p><p>Head broadest across moderately large, strongly convex and coarsely faceted eyes, HL 0.13 mm, HW 0.30 mm; frontovertexal region weakly convex at middle, supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frontovertexal area fine and inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect. Antennae relatively long and strongly thickened distad, with indistinctly delimited trimerous clubs, AnL 0.63 mm, antennomere 1 about as long as broad, 2 weakly elongate, 3–7 each about as long as broad, 8 strongly transverse, 9 and 10 each weakly transverse, 11 longer than 9 and 10 combined, about twice as long as broad.</p><p>Pronotum in strictly dorsal view nearly semicircular, strongly convex at middle and weakly flattened near hind corners, equally broad in posterior 1/3; PL 0.40 mm, PW 0.55 mm. Anterior margin in strictly dorsal view weakly arcuate; lateral margins strongly rounded and indistinctly microserrate, posterior corners nearly rightangled; posterior margin shallowly bisinuate; lateral marginal carinae simple (<i>i.e.</i>, not doubled); lateral antebasal pits small but distinct, each slightly closer to posterior than lateral pronotal margin. Punctures on pronotal disc fine and inconspicuous; setae moderately long, sparse and suberect.</p><p>Elytra as wide as pronotum, together oval, broadest slightly anterior to anterior third; EL 0.63 mm, EW 0.55 mm, EI 1.14; subhumeral lines developed as sharp borders between elevated humerus and lower mesal region, as long as 0.2 × EL and divergent posterad; basal elytral fovea on each elytron located slightly closer to lateral margin of mesoscutellum than to subhumeral line; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures on elytra fine and inconspicuous; setae similar to those on pronotum.</p><p>Hind wings not studied.</p><p>Metaventrite lacking lateral impressions.</p><p>Legs long and slender, unmodified.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs 58–61) of <i>simonis</i> form, AeL 0.18 mm; capsular region of median lobe in ventral view oval and slightly irregular, with distal margin broadly subtriangular and rounded, distal projections elongate. Parameres slender, shorter than median lobe but much longer than basal capsule, each with one apical and one subapical seta (the third seta, illustrated by Hoshina (2012), was not found).</p><p>Female. Not studied.</p><p><b>Distribution.</b> Japan: Yonaguni Is.; Taiwan.</p><p><b>Remarks.</b> <i>Cephennodes yonaguniensis</i> belongs to the <i>C. simonis</i> species group (see the next chapter). Its aedeagus was rather inaccurately illustrated by Hoshina (2012) (Figs 62–65), with the basal capsule, distal projections and even parameral setae somewhat different than those in the holotype (Figs 60–61). However, because of the unique shape of the distal margin of the basal capsule, the species is still recognizable based on the original illustrations.</p><p>This species is externally similar to the most common and broadly distributed Japanese <i>Cephennodes</i>, <i>C. vafer</i>, also aedeagi of these two species are similar. Externally <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> differs from <i>C. vafer</i> in a slightly larger antennomere 11 in relation to 9–10 combined, and finer punctures on the pronotum. However, both characters show some variability within a large sample of <i>C. vafer</i> examined during this study, and the stable feature remains the median lobe of the aedeagus, which in <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> is oval and in <i>C. vafer</i> drop-shaped with a subtriangular apex. It may not be possible to unambiguously identify these two species based solely on external characters.</p><p>There are at least two very similar species in Taiwan and the Yaeyama Archipelago, with almost identical aedeagi, a similar body size and shape, but with males showing some modifications of the head (Jałoszyński, pers. obs.). They will be treated separately, but it should be noted that a care must be taken to correctly identify <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, and other species similar to <i>C. vafer</i>. The latter species is known best because of its abundance in various localities across Japan (see the next species treated below), but it shows some external variability, which deserves detailed study based on a large sample from the entire range.</p><p>Other most similar species are the Chinese <i>C. planus</i> Jałoszyński, 2025c and <i>C. gracilis</i> Jałoszyński, 2025c, which also have rounded distal margins of the basal capsule. However, the shape of the basal capsule is clearly different in these species, and they also have antennomere 11 much shorter in relation to 9–10 than that in <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>.</p><p>The aedeagus of the Japanese <i>Cephennodes tamaki</i> Hoshina, 2021 that was recorded from Kuroshima Is., Okinawa Is., and Yakushima Is. was illustrated as almost identical to that of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, but the body length of the former species was given as merely 0.95–1.05 mm, whereas the holotype of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> is 1.15 mm long. However, it should be noted that the body length of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> in Hoshina (2021) was given as 1.20–1.30 mm, while the holotype measured during the present study is 1.15 mm long, so some part of this discrepancy may be due to measurement methods. <i>Cephennodes tamaki</i> may be identical with <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, but without studying the type material of the former it is not possible to verify this hypothesis. My extensive sampling in Okinawa Is. did not yield any specimens showing the aedeagus similar to that illustrated for <i>C. tamaki</i>.</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19197627 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Cephennodes yonaguniensis Hoshina Jałoszyński, Paweł Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Cephennodes Cephennodes yonaguniensis <p><b><i>Cephennodes</i> (s. str.) <i>yonaguniensis</i> Hoshina</b></p><p>(Figs 57–65)</p><p><i>Cephennodes</i> (<i>Cephennodes</i>) <i>yonaguniensis</i> Hoshina, 2012: 426.</p><p><b>Type material studied.</b> <b>Holotype (JAPAN: Yonaguni Is.):</b> ♂, “{locality in Japanese characters, the following text is translated:} Okinawa-ken, Yonaguni-jima / Kubura-dake / {in Latin alphabet:} 15. iii. 2012 / H. Hoshina leg. / (in the litter)” [white, printed], “ Holotype ” (red, printed), “ Cephennodes / yonaguniensis / Hoshina” (white, printed), and collection barcode label with “B1-682628” (white, printed) (MNHAH).</p><p><b>Additional material studied.</b> 1 ♂, Japan, Yonaguni-jima, Inbi-dake, 10.09.2004, leg. K. Arai (cPJ).</p><p><b>Emended diagnosis.</b> Body small, BL ~ 1.15 mm; antennae with indistinctly delimited trimerous clubs; punctures on head, pronotum and elytra similarly fine and inconspicuous; pronotal lateral carinae single; subhumeral lines short, as long as 0.2 × EL. Aedeagus (Figs 58–61) with basal capsule in ventral view weakly asymmetrical, oval and slightly irregular in shape, distally broadly subtriangular and rounded, parameres subequal in length to median lobe but much longer than basal capsule.</p><p><b>Redescription.</b> Body of male (Fig. 57) moderately convex, elongate oval, with shallow and relatively indistinct constriction between pronotum and elytra, light brown with slightly lighter tarsi, covered with yellowish brown setae. BL 1.15 mm.</p><p>Head broadest across moderately large, strongly convex and coarsely faceted eyes, HL 0.13 mm, HW 0.30 mm; frontovertexal region weakly convex at middle, supraantennal tubercles weakly elevated. Punctures on frontovertexal area fine and inconspicuous; setae short, sparse and suberect. Antennae relatively long and strongly thickened distad, with indistinctly delimited trimerous clubs, AnL 0.63 mm, antennomere 1 about as long as broad, 2 weakly elongate, 3–7 each about as long as broad, 8 strongly transverse, 9 and 10 each weakly transverse, 11 longer than 9 and 10 combined, about twice as long as broad.</p><p>Pronotum in strictly dorsal view nearly semicircular, strongly convex at middle and weakly flattened near hind corners, equally broad in posterior 1/3; PL 0.40 mm, PW 0.55 mm. Anterior margin in strictly dorsal view weakly arcuate; lateral margins strongly rounded and indistinctly microserrate, posterior corners nearly rightangled; posterior margin shallowly bisinuate; lateral marginal carinae simple (<i>i.e.</i>, not doubled); lateral antebasal pits small but distinct, each slightly closer to posterior than lateral pronotal margin. Punctures on pronotal disc fine and inconspicuous; setae moderately long, sparse and suberect.</p><p>Elytra as wide as pronotum, together oval, broadest slightly anterior to anterior third; EL 0.63 mm, EW 0.55 mm, EI 1.14; subhumeral lines developed as sharp borders between elevated humerus and lower mesal region, as long as 0.2 × EL and divergent posterad; basal elytral fovea on each elytron located slightly closer to lateral margin of mesoscutellum than to subhumeral line; elytral apices separately rounded. Punctures on elytra fine and inconspicuous; setae similar to those on pronotum.</p><p>Hind wings not studied.</p><p>Metaventrite lacking lateral impressions.</p><p>Legs long and slender, unmodified.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs 58–61) of <i>simonis</i> form, AeL 0.18 mm; capsular region of median lobe in ventral view oval and slightly irregular, with distal margin broadly subtriangular and rounded, distal projections elongate. Parameres slender, shorter than median lobe but much longer than basal capsule, each with one apical and one subapical seta (the third seta, illustrated by Hoshina (2012), was not found).</p><p>Female. Not studied.</p><p><b>Distribution.</b> Japan: Yonaguni Is.; Taiwan.</p><p><b>Remarks.</b> <i>Cephennodes yonaguniensis</i> belongs to the <i>C. simonis</i> species group (see the next chapter). Its aedeagus was rather inaccurately illustrated by Hoshina (2012) (Figs 62–65), with the basal capsule, distal projections and even parameral setae somewhat different than those in the holotype (Figs 60–61). However, because of the unique shape of the distal margin of the basal capsule, the species is still recognizable based on the original illustrations.</p><p>This species is externally similar to the most common and broadly distributed Japanese <i>Cephennodes</i>, <i>C. vafer</i>, also aedeagi of these two species are similar. Externally <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> differs from <i>C. vafer</i> in a slightly larger antennomere 11 in relation to 9–10 combined, and finer punctures on the pronotum. However, both characters show some variability within a large sample of <i>C. vafer</i> examined during this study, and the stable feature remains the median lobe of the aedeagus, which in <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> is oval and in <i>C. vafer</i> drop-shaped with a subtriangular apex. It may not be possible to unambiguously identify these two species based solely on external characters.</p><p>There are at least two very similar species in Taiwan and the Yaeyama Archipelago, with almost identical aedeagi, a similar body size and shape, but with males showing some modifications of the head (Jałoszyński, pers. obs.). They will be treated separately, but it should be noted that a care must be taken to correctly identify <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, and other species similar to <i>C. vafer</i>. The latter species is known best because of its abundance in various localities across Japan (see the next species treated below), but it shows some external variability, which deserves detailed study based on a large sample from the entire range.</p><p>Other most similar species are the Chinese <i>C. planus</i> Jałoszyński, 2025c and <i>C. gracilis</i> Jałoszyński, 2025c, which also have rounded distal margins of the basal capsule. However, the shape of the basal capsule is clearly different in these species, and they also have antennomere 11 much shorter in relation to 9–10 than that in <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>.</p><p>The aedeagus of the Japanese <i>Cephennodes tamaki</i> Hoshina, 2021 that was recorded from Kuroshima Is., Okinawa Is., and Yakushima Is. was illustrated as almost identical to that of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, but the body length of the former species was given as merely 0.95–1.05 mm, whereas the holotype of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> is 1.15 mm long. However, it should be noted that the body length of <i>C. yonaguniensis</i> in Hoshina (2021) was given as 1.20–1.30 mm, while the holotype measured during the present study is 1.15 mm long, so some part of this discrepancy may be due to measurement methods. <i>Cephennodes tamaki</i> may be identical with <i>C. yonaguniensis</i>, but without studying the type material of the former it is not possible to verify this hypothesis. My extensive sampling in Okinawa Is. did not yield any specimens showing the aedeagus similar to that illustrated for <i>C. tamaki</i>.</p> |
| title | Cephennodes yonaguniensis Hoshina |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Staphylinidae Cephennodes Cephennodes yonaguniensis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19197627 |