Theories for the Identification of Types of Organized Criminal Groups of Particular Significance in Terms of Their Impact on National Security Indicators
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2026
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| author | Шалхаров, Е.С. Международный казахско-турецкий университет имени Х.А.Ясави |
| author_facet | Шалхаров, Е.С. Международный казахско-турецкий университет имени Х.А.Ясави |
| contents | <p>The contemporary stage of state development is characterized by an increasing complexity in the structure of threats to national security. Whereas priority was previously assigned primarily to military and political factors, in the context of globalization and digital transformation, particular significance is now attached to internal systemic risks associated with organized crime. Organized criminal groups have long ceased to be merely a criminological phenomenon. Their influence extends beyond the criminal law domain and affects economic resilience, institutional stability, social security, and the strategic development of the state.</p> <p>Organized crime evolves more rapidly than traditional mechanisms of state response. It adapts to legislative changes, adopts digital technologies, integrates into legitimate economic processes, and establishes stable transnational connections. Under such conditions, the mere identification of criminal acts becomes insufficient. There emerges a need for a systematic identification of types of organized criminal groups from the perspective of their actual impact on national security parameters.</p> <p>Particular complexity arises from the fact that different types of criminal structures exert unequal effects on state stability. Some groups operate primarily within the shadow economy and limit themselves to profit extraction, while others actively interact with state institutions, strategic sectors, financial flows, and the information space, thereby generating long-term systemic risks. The absence of a clear theoretical typology specifically oriented toward the degree of influence on national security coefficients significantly complicates both criminological analysis and the development of preventive measures.</p> <p>A substantial body of scholarly literature has been devoted to the classification of organized crime, its structure, and its mechanisms of operation. However, most existing approaches are based either on criminal law criteria or on sociological characteristics. The issue of comprehensive identification of criminal groups, taking into account their institutional, economic, and strategic impact on the state, remains insufficiently developed. In the context of transforming global threats, such a methodological gap acquires fundamental importance.</p> <p>The present monograph seeks to establish the theoretical foundations for identifying types of organized criminal groups according to the degree of their influence on national security coefficients. The study focuses on the interrelationship between the structural characteristics of criminal organizations, their functional roles, and their destabilization potential.</p> <p>The objective of the research is to develop a comprehensive theoretical model for classifying organized criminal groups that enables the assessment of their impact on state resilience through a system of criminological coefficients.</p> <p>To achieve this objective, the following tasks are to be addressed:</p> <p><span>– to analyze existing theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of organized crime;</span></p> <p><span>– to determine the criteria for typologizing criminal structures within the framework of national security;</span></p> <p><span>– to identify indicators reflecting the impact of organized criminal groups on economic, institutional, and social stability;</span></p> <p><span>– to develop a model for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of threat levels;</span></p> <p><span>– to substantiate promising directions for improving counteraction mechanisms.</span></p> <p>The methodological foundation of the research is based on systemic, structural-functional, comparative legal, and criminological methods of analysis. An interdisciplinary approach is employed, integrating principles from national security theory, criminology, economics, and institutional analysis.</p> <p>The scientific novelty of the study lies in the proposal of an original model for identifying types of organized criminal groups through the prism of their impact on integral national security indicators. Unlike traditional classifications based on organizational form or the nature of criminal activity, this work shifts the emphasis toward the degree of strategic influence on state resilience.</p> <p>The practical significance of the research is determined by the possibility of applying the developed criteria and coefficients in the analytical activities of law enforcement and state authorities, as well as in the formulation of organized crime counteraction programs.</p> <p>Thus, the problem of identifying types of organized criminal groups acquires not only theoretical but also applied significance. Understanding the structural nature and functional potential of such groups constitutes a necessary condition for ensuring state resilience in the context of an increasingly complex system of internal and external threats.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19366047 |
| institution | Zenodo |
| language | eng |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Theories for the Identification of Types of Organized Criminal Groups of Particular Significance in Terms of Their Impact on National Security Indicators Шалхаров, Е.С. Международный казахско-турецкий университет имени Х.А.Ясави криминология, криминалистика, оперативно-розыскная деятельнсть <p>The contemporary stage of state development is characterized by an increasing complexity in the structure of threats to national security. Whereas priority was previously assigned primarily to military and political factors, in the context of globalization and digital transformation, particular significance is now attached to internal systemic risks associated with organized crime. Organized criminal groups have long ceased to be merely a criminological phenomenon. Their influence extends beyond the criminal law domain and affects economic resilience, institutional stability, social security, and the strategic development of the state.</p> <p>Organized crime evolves more rapidly than traditional mechanisms of state response. It adapts to legislative changes, adopts digital technologies, integrates into legitimate economic processes, and establishes stable transnational connections. Under such conditions, the mere identification of criminal acts becomes insufficient. There emerges a need for a systematic identification of types of organized criminal groups from the perspective of their actual impact on national security parameters.</p> <p>Particular complexity arises from the fact that different types of criminal structures exert unequal effects on state stability. Some groups operate primarily within the shadow economy and limit themselves to profit extraction, while others actively interact with state institutions, strategic sectors, financial flows, and the information space, thereby generating long-term systemic risks. The absence of a clear theoretical typology specifically oriented toward the degree of influence on national security coefficients significantly complicates both criminological analysis and the development of preventive measures.</p> <p>A substantial body of scholarly literature has been devoted to the classification of organized crime, its structure, and its mechanisms of operation. However, most existing approaches are based either on criminal law criteria or on sociological characteristics. The issue of comprehensive identification of criminal groups, taking into account their institutional, economic, and strategic impact on the state, remains insufficiently developed. In the context of transforming global threats, such a methodological gap acquires fundamental importance.</p> <p>The present monograph seeks to establish the theoretical foundations for identifying types of organized criminal groups according to the degree of their influence on national security coefficients. The study focuses on the interrelationship between the structural characteristics of criminal organizations, their functional roles, and their destabilization potential.</p> <p>The objective of the research is to develop a comprehensive theoretical model for classifying organized criminal groups that enables the assessment of their impact on state resilience through a system of criminological coefficients.</p> <p>To achieve this objective, the following tasks are to be addressed:</p> <p><span>– to analyze existing theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of organized crime;</span></p> <p><span>– to determine the criteria for typologizing criminal structures within the framework of national security;</span></p> <p><span>– to identify indicators reflecting the impact of organized criminal groups on economic, institutional, and social stability;</span></p> <p><span>– to develop a model for the quantitative and qualitative assessment of threat levels;</span></p> <p><span>– to substantiate promising directions for improving counteraction mechanisms.</span></p> <p>The methodological foundation of the research is based on systemic, structural-functional, comparative legal, and criminological methods of analysis. An interdisciplinary approach is employed, integrating principles from national security theory, criminology, economics, and institutional analysis.</p> <p>The scientific novelty of the study lies in the proposal of an original model for identifying types of organized criminal groups through the prism of their impact on integral national security indicators. Unlike traditional classifications based on organizational form or the nature of criminal activity, this work shifts the emphasis toward the degree of strategic influence on state resilience.</p> <p>The practical significance of the research is determined by the possibility of applying the developed criteria and coefficients in the analytical activities of law enforcement and state authorities, as well as in the formulation of organized crime counteraction programs.</p> <p>Thus, the problem of identifying types of organized criminal groups acquires not only theoretical but also applied significance. Understanding the structural nature and functional potential of such groups constitutes a necessary condition for ensuring state resilience in the context of an increasingly complex system of internal and external threats.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> |
| title | Theories for the Identification of Types of Organized Criminal Groups of Particular Significance in Terms of Their Impact on National Security Indicators |
| topic | криминология, криминалистика, оперативно-розыскная деятельнсть |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19366047 |