Certifying a Work of Art Without Galleries, Without Intermediaries: The SHA-256 + CIE Protocol

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Auteur principal: Musella, Dmitrij
Format: Recurso digital
Langue:italien
Publié: Zenodo 2026
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_version_ 1866902002885197824
author Musella, Dmitrij
author_facet Musella, Dmitrij
contents <p>This paper presents an operational protocol for the cryptographic <br>certification of artworks, designed for independent artists and dealers <br>operating outside the institutional gallery circuit. The system <br>integrates five technological layers — PDF/A certificate, SHA-256 hash, <br>SHA Document, CIE digital signature, certified email (PEC) — into a <br>verifiable authentication chain with legal validity in the European Union <br>under the eIDAS Regulation (910/2014). The protocol applies to <br>photographic works on paper, digital illustrations, and traditional <br>paintings. It covers the entire lifecycle: from creation to first sale <br>and all subsequent transfers of ownership, without intermediaries and at <br>zero cost. The paper includes a pilot case (March 2026, Station Gallery <br>Naples) and two open-source offline tools: a multi-algorithm hash <br>generator and a green/red certificate verifier for collectors.</p> <p>---</p> <p>Il paper presenta un protocollo operativo per la certificazione <br>crittografica di opere d'arte, concepito per artisti indipendenti e <br>commercianti che operano fuori dal circuito galleristico istituzionale. <br>Il sistema integra cinque strati tecnologici in una catena verificabile <br>con validità legale nell'Unione Europea ai sensi del Regolamento eIDAS <br>(910/2014). Il protocollo copre l'intero ciclo di vita dell'opera, <br>dalla creazione al trasferimento di proprietà, senza intermediari e a <br>costo zero.</p>
format Recurso digital
id zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19418581
institution Zenodo
language ita
publishDate 2026
publisher Zenodo
record_format zenodo
spellingShingle Certifying a Work of Art Without Galleries, Without Intermediaries: The SHA-256 + CIE Protocol
Musella, Dmitrij
SHA-256
eIDAS
digital certification
art authentication
independent artists
cryptographic hash
CIE electronic signature
provenance chain
art market
working paper
<p>This paper presents an operational protocol for the cryptographic <br>certification of artworks, designed for independent artists and dealers <br>operating outside the institutional gallery circuit. The system <br>integrates five technological layers — PDF/A certificate, SHA-256 hash, <br>SHA Document, CIE digital signature, certified email (PEC) — into a <br>verifiable authentication chain with legal validity in the European Union <br>under the eIDAS Regulation (910/2014). The protocol applies to <br>photographic works on paper, digital illustrations, and traditional <br>paintings. It covers the entire lifecycle: from creation to first sale <br>and all subsequent transfers of ownership, without intermediaries and at <br>zero cost. The paper includes a pilot case (March 2026, Station Gallery <br>Naples) and two open-source offline tools: a multi-algorithm hash <br>generator and a green/red certificate verifier for collectors.</p> <p>---</p> <p>Il paper presenta un protocollo operativo per la certificazione <br>crittografica di opere d'arte, concepito per artisti indipendenti e <br>commercianti che operano fuori dal circuito galleristico istituzionale. <br>Il sistema integra cinque strati tecnologici in una catena verificabile <br>con validità legale nell'Unione Europea ai sensi del Regolamento eIDAS <br>(910/2014). Il protocollo copre l'intero ciclo di vita dell'opera, <br>dalla creazione al trasferimento di proprietà, senza intermediari e a <br>costo zero.</p>
title Certifying a Work of Art Without Galleries, Without Intermediaries: The SHA-256 + CIE Protocol
topic SHA-256
eIDAS
digital certification
art authentication
independent artists
cryptographic hash
CIE electronic signature
provenance chain
art market
working paper
url https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19418581