Mass Ratio Correction and Quantum Oscillation in the Fine Structure Constant: The Role of m_e/m_p and e (Paper III of III)
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2026
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| _version_ | 1866901368290148352 |
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| author | Yan, Zheng |
| author_facet | Yan, Zheng |
| contents | <p>Building on Paper II (1/α_ideal = 24π²/√3 = 136.757), we derive two physical corrections that bring the prediction to 14.9 ppb precision.</p> <p> 1/α = 24π²/√3 + √3/6·(1 − mₑ/mₚ − 1/(4e²)) = 137.035 999 121</p> <p>CODATA 2018: 137.035 999 084. Discrepancy: +2.0×10⁻⁷ (14.9 ppb).</p> <p>─── First correction: CODATA precision mass measurements ──</p> <p>The electron and proton are the two long-lived stable charged particles in nature. Both carry identical electromagnetic charge; both satisfy the TGA stability condition. Since they share the same outer electromagnetic coupling frequency, their difference is entirely in the inner fermionic energy — encoded in the mass ratio mₑ/mₚ.</p> <p>Using CODATA 2018:<br> mₑ = 0.510 998 950 00 MeV (±1.5×10⁻¹⁰)<br> mₚ = 938.272 088 16 MeV (±3.1×10⁻¹⁰)</p> <p> δ₁ = √3/6·(1 − mₑ/mₚ) = +0.288 518<br> → 1/α⁽¹⁾ = 137.046 (71 ppm)</p> <p>─── Second correction: quantum oscillation and Euler's number e ──</p> <p>The TGA projection is a continuous existence payment process: the fermion pays its existence cost at every moment, like continuous compounding. The natural base of this process is Euler's number e:</p> <p> lim(n→∞) (1 − 1/n)ⁿ = 1/e = 0.367879...</p> <p>The zero-point oscillation amplitude is identified numerically as Aω ≈ 1/e:</p> <p> δ₂ = −√3/6·1/(4e²) = −0.009 767</p> <p>Verification: |δ₂|/τ_G(e) = 0.033841 vs 1/(4e²) = 0.033834 (agreement 0.021%)</p> <p>─── Precision progression ───────────────────────────────</p> <p> Topology only (Paper II): 136.757 2034 ppm<br> + CODATA masses: 137.046 71 ppm<br> + quantum correction e: 137.035 999 121 14.9 ppb (4800× improvement)</p> <p>─── Physical implications ───────────────────────────────</p> <p>(1) Gravity is not a force — both the electron and proton are equally stable despite a factor of 1836 difference in TGA projection magnitude. Stability depends on existence of the patch, not its size.<br>(2) The strong force requires no independent mediators — both particles share the identical stability mechanism.</p> <p>─── Series information ──────────────────────────────────</p> <p>Paper III of III. Published simultaneously with:<br>- Paper I: Overview and main result (1/α = 137.035 999 121, 14.9 ppb)<br>- Paper II: Geometric derivation of 24π²/√3 (no mass input)</p> |
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| publishDate | 2026 |
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| spellingShingle | Mass Ratio Correction and Quantum Oscillation in the Fine Structure Constant: The Role of m_e/m_p and e (Paper III of III) Yan, Zheng fine structure constant electron-proton mass ratio CODATA precision measurement Euler's number quantum zero-point correction Möbius standing wave ppb precision fundamental constants quantum correction standing wave fermion Continuous Existence Payment Möbius Standing Wave Mass Ratio Correction First Principles Derivation CODATA 2018 <p>Building on Paper II (1/α_ideal = 24π²/√3 = 136.757), we derive two physical corrections that bring the prediction to 14.9 ppb precision.</p> <p> 1/α = 24π²/√3 + √3/6·(1 − mₑ/mₚ − 1/(4e²)) = 137.035 999 121</p> <p>CODATA 2018: 137.035 999 084. Discrepancy: +2.0×10⁻⁷ (14.9 ppb).</p> <p>─── First correction: CODATA precision mass measurements ──</p> <p>The electron and proton are the two long-lived stable charged particles in nature. Both carry identical electromagnetic charge; both satisfy the TGA stability condition. Since they share the same outer electromagnetic coupling frequency, their difference is entirely in the inner fermionic energy — encoded in the mass ratio mₑ/mₚ.</p> <p>Using CODATA 2018:<br> mₑ = 0.510 998 950 00 MeV (±1.5×10⁻¹⁰)<br> mₚ = 938.272 088 16 MeV (±3.1×10⁻¹⁰)</p> <p> δ₁ = √3/6·(1 − mₑ/mₚ) = +0.288 518<br> → 1/α⁽¹⁾ = 137.046 (71 ppm)</p> <p>─── Second correction: quantum oscillation and Euler's number e ──</p> <p>The TGA projection is a continuous existence payment process: the fermion pays its existence cost at every moment, like continuous compounding. The natural base of this process is Euler's number e:</p> <p> lim(n→∞) (1 − 1/n)ⁿ = 1/e = 0.367879...</p> <p>The zero-point oscillation amplitude is identified numerically as Aω ≈ 1/e:</p> <p> δ₂ = −√3/6·1/(4e²) = −0.009 767</p> <p>Verification: |δ₂|/τ_G(e) = 0.033841 vs 1/(4e²) = 0.033834 (agreement 0.021%)</p> <p>─── Precision progression ───────────────────────────────</p> <p> Topology only (Paper II): 136.757 2034 ppm<br> + CODATA masses: 137.046 71 ppm<br> + quantum correction e: 137.035 999 121 14.9 ppb (4800× improvement)</p> <p>─── Physical implications ───────────────────────────────</p> <p>(1) Gravity is not a force — both the electron and proton are equally stable despite a factor of 1836 difference in TGA projection magnitude. Stability depends on existence of the patch, not its size.<br>(2) The strong force requires no independent mediators — both particles share the identical stability mechanism.</p> <p>─── Series information ──────────────────────────────────</p> <p>Paper III of III. Published simultaneously with:<br>- Paper I: Overview and main result (1/α = 137.035 999 121, 14.9 ppb)<br>- Paper II: Geometric derivation of 24π²/√3 (no mass input)</p> |
| title | Mass Ratio Correction and Quantum Oscillation in the Fine Structure Constant: The Role of m_e/m_p and e (Paper III of III) |
| topic | fine structure constant electron-proton mass ratio CODATA precision measurement Euler's number quantum zero-point correction Möbius standing wave ppb precision fundamental constants quantum correction standing wave fermion Continuous Existence Payment Möbius Standing Wave Mass Ratio Correction First Principles Derivation CODATA 2018 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19654453 |