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Autori principali: Litvine, Alexis, Thevenin, Thomas, Starzec, Arthur, Mille, Patrick
Natura: Recurso digital
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Pubblicazione: Zenodo 2026
Accesso online:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266
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_version_ 1866901996774096896
author Litvine, Alexis
Thevenin, Thomas
Starzec, Arthur
Mille, Patrick
author_facet Litvine, Alexis
Thevenin, Thomas
Starzec, Arthur
Mille, Patrick
contents <h1>Road Network France (1910–1930)</h1> <h2>Core Metadata</h2> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Value</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>Dataset Name</td> <td>Historical Road Network France</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dataset Object</td> <td>Road network (vectorised segments)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Owner</td> <td>Litvine, Alexis; Thévenin, Thomas; Starzec, Arthur; Mille, Patrick; Séguy, Isabelle; Proffit, Guillaume</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Version</td> <td>1.0</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Documentation Fields</h2> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Value</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>Data Repository</td> <td><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Data Paper Link</td> <td><a href="https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.116780">https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.116780</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>BibTeX Citation</td> <td> <pre>@dataset{litvine2026roads, author = {Litvine, A. and Thévenin, T. and Starzec, A. and Mille, P. and Séguy, I. and Proffit, G.}, title = {Historical Road Networks for France, 1910–1930}, year = {2026}, doi = 10.17863/CAM.116780, publisher = {Cambridge Working Paper Series in Economic and Social History} }</pre> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>License</td> <td>CCBY 4.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Geographic Coverage</td> <td>Metropolitan France</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Temporal Coverage</td> <td>c.1910 and c.1930</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Key Variables</td> <td>road_id, geometry, road_type, surface_type, width_class, quality_class, slope, speed_coefficient</td> </tr> <tr> <td>File Format(s)</td> <td>GPKG</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Access Notes</td> <td>On our MAHDI Zenodo, not to be circulated</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Description</h2> <p>This dataset provides a <strong>fully digitised and harmonised road network for France circa 1930</strong> and raw data for France circa 1910 and Great Britain circa 1930.</p> <p>The network was constructed from <strong>Michelin cartographic sources (1:100,000 scale)</strong> and manually vectorised to ensure high topological accuracy. The resulting dataset includes <strong>all roads visible on the original maps</strong>, classified according to their <strong>quality, surfacing, and width</strong>.</p> <h3>Files included</h3> <p>The Zenodo repository contains three GeoPackage files:</p> <ul> <li><code>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</code></li> <li><code>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</code></li> <li><code>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</code></li> </ul> <p>Each file contains a <strong>single layer representing the road network at the corresponding date</strong>, with the full set of digitised road segments.</p> <ul> <li><strong>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</strong>: This is the <strong>fully corrected and harmonised dataset</strong>, including <strong>derived speed information for each segment</strong>, based on the modelling framework developed by Litvine and Thévenin.</li> <li><strong>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</strong> and <strong>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</strong>: These are <strong>raw digitised networks</strong>. While geometrically complete, they <strong>have not yet undergone full correction or harmonisation</strong> and should be used with caution.</li> </ul> <h3>Coordinate Reference Systems</h3> <ul> <li>French datasets (<code>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</code>, <code>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</code>) use <strong>Lambert 93 (EPSG:2154)</strong></li> <li>UK dataset (<code>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</code>) uses <strong>British National Grid – OSGB 1936 (EPSG:27700)</strong></li> </ul> <h3>Attributes (MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg)</h3> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field Name</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>OBJECTID</td> <td>Unique identifier for each road segment</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Shape*</td> <td>Geometry type (Polyline)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ID</td> <td>Internal identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_TYPE</td> <td>Road quality classification (e.g., GOOD_ROAD, AVERAGE_ROAD, POOR_ROAD)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_WIDTH</td> <td>Width category of the road (e.g., NARROW, AVERAGE, WIDE)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_SURFA</td> <td>Road surface type (when available)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TYPE</td> <td>Original classification code from source data</td> </tr> <tr> <td>layer</td> <td>Source layer identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LENGTH</td> <td>Length of the segment (in meters)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>JOIN_KEY</td> <td>Combined key (ROAD_TYPE + ROAD_WIDTH), used for classification</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TRAVEL_MIN</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes, model output)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TIME1910</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes) using 1910 parameters</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TIME1930</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes) using 1930 parameters</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3>Key features</h3> <ul> <li>A <strong>topologically correct graph structure</strong> suitable for network analysis</li> <li>A <strong>standardised road typology</strong>, harmonised across time to enable comparison</li> <li>Integration with <strong>Digital Elevation Models (DEM)</strong> to compute slope effects</li> <li>Derived <strong>speed coefficients</strong> (for the corrected dataset) reflecting historical vehicle performance and road characteristics</li> <li>Compatibility with historical transport modelling frameworks</li> </ul> <p>The dataset underpins the construction of <strong>historical travel-time models</strong>, enabling the estimation of accessibility, journey times, and market potential in early twentieth-century France. It is part of the broader <strong>French Historical GIS (ANR-Communes project)</strong> infrastructure.</p> <h2>Limitations</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Heterogeneous Data Quality</strong>: Only the 1930 France dataset is fully corrected and enriched with speed data. The other files remain raw digitisations.</li> <li><strong>Cartographic Interpretation</strong>: Road classification relies on historical map symbology, which can be ambiguous (e.g., colour variation, administrative distinctions).</li> <li><strong>Manual Digitisation Bias</strong>: Although carefully validated, the network was digitised manually, introducing potential human error in geometry and classification.</li> <li><strong>Temporal Approximation</strong>: The dataset represents approximate snapshots (c.1910 and c.1930), not exact yearly states.</li> <li><strong>Topological Tolerance</strong>: A tolerance threshold (~100m) was used to correct dangling nodes, which may slightly alter local geometry.</li> <li><strong>Road Coverage</strong>: Only roads represented on Michelin maps are included; minor or informal paths may be missing.</li> <li><strong>Speed Modelling Assumptions</strong>: Derived speed variables depend on modelling choices (vehicle characteristics, slope effects, road coefficients) and should be interpreted as estimates rather than direct observations.</li> </ul>
format Recurso digital
id zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19681266
institution Zenodo
language
publishDate 2026
publisher Zenodo
record_format zenodo
spellingShingle Michelin Roads 1910-1930
Litvine, Alexis
Thevenin, Thomas
Starzec, Arthur
Mille, Patrick
<h1>Road Network France (1910–1930)</h1> <h2>Core Metadata</h2> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Value</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>Dataset Name</td> <td>Historical Road Network France</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Dataset Object</td> <td>Road network (vectorised segments)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Owner</td> <td>Litvine, Alexis; Thévenin, Thomas; Starzec, Arthur; Mille, Patrick; Séguy, Isabelle; Proffit, Guillaume</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Version</td> <td>1.0</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Documentation Fields</h2> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field</th> <th>Value</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>Data Repository</td> <td><a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Data Paper Link</td> <td><a href="https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.116780">https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.116780</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>BibTeX Citation</td> <td> <pre>@dataset{litvine2026roads, author = {Litvine, A. and Thévenin, T. and Starzec, A. and Mille, P. and Séguy, I. and Proffit, G.}, title = {Historical Road Networks for France, 1910–1930}, year = {2026}, doi = 10.17863/CAM.116780, publisher = {Cambridge Working Paper Series in Economic and Social History} }</pre> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>License</td> <td>CCBY 4.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Geographic Coverage</td> <td>Metropolitan France</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Temporal Coverage</td> <td>c.1910 and c.1930</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Key Variables</td> <td>road_id, geometry, road_type, surface_type, width_class, quality_class, slope, speed_coefficient</td> </tr> <tr> <td>File Format(s)</td> <td>GPKG</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Access Notes</td> <td>On our MAHDI Zenodo, not to be circulated</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2>Description</h2> <p>This dataset provides a <strong>fully digitised and harmonised road network for France circa 1930</strong> and raw data for France circa 1910 and Great Britain circa 1930.</p> <p>The network was constructed from <strong>Michelin cartographic sources (1:100,000 scale)</strong> and manually vectorised to ensure high topological accuracy. The resulting dataset includes <strong>all roads visible on the original maps</strong>, classified according to their <strong>quality, surfacing, and width</strong>.</p> <h3>Files included</h3> <p>The Zenodo repository contains three GeoPackage files:</p> <ul> <li><code>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</code></li> <li><code>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</code></li> <li><code>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</code></li> </ul> <p>Each file contains a <strong>single layer representing the road network at the corresponding date</strong>, with the full set of digitised road segments.</p> <ul> <li><strong>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</strong>: This is the <strong>fully corrected and harmonised dataset</strong>, including <strong>derived speed information for each segment</strong>, based on the modelling framework developed by Litvine and Thévenin.</li> <li><strong>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</strong> and <strong>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</strong>: These are <strong>raw digitised networks</strong>. While geometrically complete, they <strong>have not yet undergone full correction or harmonisation</strong> and should be used with caution.</li> </ul> <h3>Coordinate Reference Systems</h3> <ul> <li>French datasets (<code>MICHELIN_FR_1910.gpkg</code>, <code>MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg</code>) use <strong>Lambert 93 (EPSG:2154)</strong></li> <li>UK dataset (<code>MICHELIN_UK_1930.gpkg</code>) uses <strong>British National Grid – OSGB 1936 (EPSG:27700)</strong></li> </ul> <h3>Attributes (MICHELIN_FR_1930.gpkg)</h3> <table> <tbody><tr> <th>Field Name</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </tbody><tbody> <tr> <td>OBJECTID</td> <td>Unique identifier for each road segment</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Shape*</td> <td>Geometry type (Polyline)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ID</td> <td>Internal identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_TYPE</td> <td>Road quality classification (e.g., GOOD_ROAD, AVERAGE_ROAD, POOR_ROAD)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_WIDTH</td> <td>Width category of the road (e.g., NARROW, AVERAGE, WIDE)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ROAD_SURFA</td> <td>Road surface type (when available)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TYPE</td> <td>Original classification code from source data</td> </tr> <tr> <td>layer</td> <td>Source layer identifier</td> </tr> <tr> <td>LENGTH</td> <td>Length of the segment (in meters)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>JOIN_KEY</td> <td>Combined key (ROAD_TYPE + ROAD_WIDTH), used for classification</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TRAVEL_MIN</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes, model output)</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TIME1910</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes) using 1910 parameters</td> </tr> <tr> <td>TIME1930</td> <td>Estimated travel time (minutes) using 1930 parameters</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3>Key features</h3> <ul> <li>A <strong>topologically correct graph structure</strong> suitable for network analysis</li> <li>A <strong>standardised road typology</strong>, harmonised across time to enable comparison</li> <li>Integration with <strong>Digital Elevation Models (DEM)</strong> to compute slope effects</li> <li>Derived <strong>speed coefficients</strong> (for the corrected dataset) reflecting historical vehicle performance and road characteristics</li> <li>Compatibility with historical transport modelling frameworks</li> </ul> <p>The dataset underpins the construction of <strong>historical travel-time models</strong>, enabling the estimation of accessibility, journey times, and market potential in early twentieth-century France. It is part of the broader <strong>French Historical GIS (ANR-Communes project)</strong> infrastructure.</p> <h2>Limitations</h2> <ul> <li><strong>Heterogeneous Data Quality</strong>: Only the 1930 France dataset is fully corrected and enriched with speed data. The other files remain raw digitisations.</li> <li><strong>Cartographic Interpretation</strong>: Road classification relies on historical map symbology, which can be ambiguous (e.g., colour variation, administrative distinctions).</li> <li><strong>Manual Digitisation Bias</strong>: Although carefully validated, the network was digitised manually, introducing potential human error in geometry and classification.</li> <li><strong>Temporal Approximation</strong>: The dataset represents approximate snapshots (c.1910 and c.1930), not exact yearly states.</li> <li><strong>Topological Tolerance</strong>: A tolerance threshold (~100m) was used to correct dangling nodes, which may slightly alter local geometry.</li> <li><strong>Road Coverage</strong>: Only roads represented on Michelin maps are included; minor or informal paths may be missing.</li> <li><strong>Speed Modelling Assumptions</strong>: Derived speed variables depend on modelling choices (vehicle characteristics, slope effects, road coefficients) and should be interpreted as estimates rather than direct observations.</li> </ul>
title Michelin Roads 1910-1930
url https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19681266

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