Phengodes (Phengodella) tuxtlaensis Zaragoza-Caballero 1989
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| author | Uchima-Taborda, Diego Vega-Badillo, Viridiana Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago |
| author_facet | Uchima-Taborda, Diego Vega-Badillo, Viridiana Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago |
| contents | <p><b><i>Phengodes</i> (<i>Phengodella</i>) <i>tuxtlaensis</i> Zaragoza-Caballero, 1989</b></p><p>(Figs: 8D–F, 17A–C, 23E–F, 27D–F)</p><p><i>Phengodes tuxtlaensis</i> Zaragoza-Caballero, 1989: 82</p><p><b>Diagnosis:</b> General color black, except for the pronotum, which is saffron yellow to Dutch orange with a black macula in the center. This macula may extend from the posterior border to the anterior border or may not reach either. Head brownish orange or reddish orange, especially near clypeus and around eyes. Abdominal segments typically black, rarely yellow. Finally, in this species, some individuals may be yellow, but this is rare (Fig 8D–F). Total length 14.09, width at shoulder height 3.24. Interantennal distance (0.79) 1.4 times scape length (0.65), antennomere II (0.18) twice III length (0.09), latter cup-shaped; IV–VI length 1.32, IV<V<VI, flabellae of these antennomeres 5–6 times longer than respective antennomere. Antennae surpassing elytra, ending in the posterior border of third abdominal segment. Interocular distance (1.76) 4 times eye width (0.44); clypeus divided, lobes triangular and long, fronto-clypeal suture straight, and a longitudinal depression in the front; mandible short and wide, dorsoventrally flattened. Maxillary palps (1.97) 1.91 times labial (1.03), maxillary palpi formula I<II>III<IV, II>IV and labial 0<I<II<III. Pronotum cupuliform semicircular, 1.46 times wider at base (2.88) than long (1.97), wider in the middle (3.00); lateral borders convex, narrowed anteriorly to the posterior corners, these acute angled, sharp and projected; lateral expansion wide, with the pronotum width 9.93 times expansion width (0.29), medial sulcus present through all pronotal longitude, usually ending before posterior and anterior borders (Fig 17A–C). Elytra 2.59 times longer (4.12) than width (1.59) and 2.09 times longer than pronotum. Posterior border of tergite VIII weakly emarginate, and X straight; ventrite VII with a short and swollen medial projection, and X emarginate (23E–J). Aedeagus asymmetrical, paramere 4.28 times longer (1.24) than wide (0.29), with two apical teeth; central lobe 1.23 times longer than paramere, and flagellum 5.6 times aedeagus length (Fig 27D–F).</p><p><b>Remarks:</b> This species can be differentiated mainly by the predominantly black color pattern and the combination of a clypeus divided, lobes triangular and long, longitudinal sulcus in the frons that reaches the fronto-clypeal suture, maxillary palpi formula I<II>III<IV, II>IV and labial 0<I<II<III. Antennae extend to the posterior border of the third abdominal segment, pronotal sulcus long, pronotal expansion wide, with the pronotal width 9.93 times expansion width, presence of medial projection in the seventh ventrite.</p><p><b>Variation:</b> Size 14.09–17.14, width at shoulder high 3.18–3.82; head width 2.5–3.03, interantennal distance 0.7–0.88, interocular distance 1.59–1.94, antennomeres IV–VI length 1.32–1.62; pronotum length 1.85–3.42, pronotum width 2.63–3.52, elytra length 3.62–4.7 and elytra width 1.4–1.82. This species varies in color as previously mentioned.</p><p><b>Distribution and ecology:</b> Veracruz (Fig 30). It has also been reported in Belize (Vega-Badillo & Zaragoza-Caballero, 2019). This species is active throughout the year and occurs sympatrically with with <i>P. (Pla.) leonilae</i> and <i>P. (Pla.) brailovskyi</i>, showing particular abundance from May to June, when the populations of the latter two species are low (Zaragoza-Caballero 1989).</p><p><b>Examined material:</b> <b>HOLOTYPE: MEXICO:</b> Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, El Vigía, 21/07/ 1986, 480 masl, Trampa Malaise Suelo, E. Ramírez, (CNIN) (1 ♂). <b>PARATYPES: MEXICO</b>: Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, El Vigía, 11/07/ 1986, 480 masl, Trampa Malaise Suelo, (CNIN) (1 ♂); idem except for: 24/07/1986, E. Ramírez, (1 ♂); idem except for: 12/08/1986, (2 ♂); idem except for: 27/08/1986, (1 ♂); idem except for: 08/09/1986, (1 ♂) idem except for: 13/09/1986, P. Sinaca, (1 ♂). <b>ADDITIONAL MATERIAL:</b> <b>MEXICO:</b> Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, 13/ 08–13/09/ 2013, 246 masl, Selva Alta Perennifolia, M. Madora, (CNIN) (1 ♂); idem except for: 16/08/– 17/10/2016, 18°35,076’N, 095°04,475’W, 115 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: 30/ 08– 17/09/2013, 18°34’55,4”N, 95°04’34.7”W, 207 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: Estación biológica Los Tuxtlas, San Andrés 17/ 09–02/10/2013, 18°34’55,5”N, 95°04’37,1”O, 246 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: 15/ 10–16/11/2013, 18°35’31.64”N, 95°3’27.50”O, M. Madora, (1 ♂).</p> |
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| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_19817385 |
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| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
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| spellingShingle | Phengodes (Phengodella) tuxtlaensis Zaragoza-Caballero 1989 Uchima-Taborda, Diego Vega-Badillo, Viridiana Zaragoza-Caballero, Santiago Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Phengodidae Phengodes Phengodes tuxtlaensis <p><b><i>Phengodes</i> (<i>Phengodella</i>) <i>tuxtlaensis</i> Zaragoza-Caballero, 1989</b></p><p>(Figs: 8D–F, 17A–C, 23E–F, 27D–F)</p><p><i>Phengodes tuxtlaensis</i> Zaragoza-Caballero, 1989: 82</p><p><b>Diagnosis:</b> General color black, except for the pronotum, which is saffron yellow to Dutch orange with a black macula in the center. This macula may extend from the posterior border to the anterior border or may not reach either. Head brownish orange or reddish orange, especially near clypeus and around eyes. Abdominal segments typically black, rarely yellow. Finally, in this species, some individuals may be yellow, but this is rare (Fig 8D–F). Total length 14.09, width at shoulder height 3.24. Interantennal distance (0.79) 1.4 times scape length (0.65), antennomere II (0.18) twice III length (0.09), latter cup-shaped; IV–VI length 1.32, IV<V<VI, flabellae of these antennomeres 5–6 times longer than respective antennomere. Antennae surpassing elytra, ending in the posterior border of third abdominal segment. Interocular distance (1.76) 4 times eye width (0.44); clypeus divided, lobes triangular and long, fronto-clypeal suture straight, and a longitudinal depression in the front; mandible short and wide, dorsoventrally flattened. Maxillary palps (1.97) 1.91 times labial (1.03), maxillary palpi formula I<II>III<IV, II>IV and labial 0<I<II<III. Pronotum cupuliform semicircular, 1.46 times wider at base (2.88) than long (1.97), wider in the middle (3.00); lateral borders convex, narrowed anteriorly to the posterior corners, these acute angled, sharp and projected; lateral expansion wide, with the pronotum width 9.93 times expansion width (0.29), medial sulcus present through all pronotal longitude, usually ending before posterior and anterior borders (Fig 17A–C). Elytra 2.59 times longer (4.12) than width (1.59) and 2.09 times longer than pronotum. Posterior border of tergite VIII weakly emarginate, and X straight; ventrite VII with a short and swollen medial projection, and X emarginate (23E–J). Aedeagus asymmetrical, paramere 4.28 times longer (1.24) than wide (0.29), with two apical teeth; central lobe 1.23 times longer than paramere, and flagellum 5.6 times aedeagus length (Fig 27D–F).</p><p><b>Remarks:</b> This species can be differentiated mainly by the predominantly black color pattern and the combination of a clypeus divided, lobes triangular and long, longitudinal sulcus in the frons that reaches the fronto-clypeal suture, maxillary palpi formula I<II>III<IV, II>IV and labial 0<I<II<III. Antennae extend to the posterior border of the third abdominal segment, pronotal sulcus long, pronotal expansion wide, with the pronotal width 9.93 times expansion width, presence of medial projection in the seventh ventrite.</p><p><b>Variation:</b> Size 14.09–17.14, width at shoulder high 3.18–3.82; head width 2.5–3.03, interantennal distance 0.7–0.88, interocular distance 1.59–1.94, antennomeres IV–VI length 1.32–1.62; pronotum length 1.85–3.42, pronotum width 2.63–3.52, elytra length 3.62–4.7 and elytra width 1.4–1.82. This species varies in color as previously mentioned.</p><p><b>Distribution and ecology:</b> Veracruz (Fig 30). It has also been reported in Belize (Vega-Badillo & Zaragoza-Caballero, 2019). This species is active throughout the year and occurs sympatrically with with <i>P. (Pla.) leonilae</i> and <i>P. (Pla.) brailovskyi</i>, showing particular abundance from May to June, when the populations of the latter two species are low (Zaragoza-Caballero 1989).</p><p><b>Examined material:</b> <b>HOLOTYPE: MEXICO:</b> Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, El Vigía, 21/07/ 1986, 480 masl, Trampa Malaise Suelo, E. Ramírez, (CNIN) (1 ♂). <b>PARATYPES: MEXICO</b>: Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, El Vigía, 11/07/ 1986, 480 masl, Trampa Malaise Suelo, (CNIN) (1 ♂); idem except for: 24/07/1986, E. Ramírez, (1 ♂); idem except for: 12/08/1986, (2 ♂); idem except for: 27/08/1986, (1 ♂); idem except for: 08/09/1986, (1 ♂) idem except for: 13/09/1986, P. Sinaca, (1 ♂). <b>ADDITIONAL MATERIAL:</b> <b>MEXICO:</b> Veracruz, Estación biológica los Tuxtlas, 13/ 08–13/09/ 2013, 246 masl, Selva Alta Perennifolia, M. Madora, (CNIN) (1 ♂); idem except for: 16/08/– 17/10/2016, 18°35,076’N, 095°04,475’W, 115 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: 30/ 08– 17/09/2013, 18°34’55,4”N, 95°04’34.7”W, 207 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: Estación biológica Los Tuxtlas, San Andrés 17/ 09–02/10/2013, 18°34’55,5”N, 95°04’37,1”O, 246 masl, (1 ♂); idem except for: 15/ 10–16/11/2013, 18°35’31.64”N, 95°3’27.50”O, M. Madora, (1 ♂).</p> |
| title | Phengodes (Phengodella) tuxtlaensis Zaragoza-Caballero 1989 |
| topic | Biodiversity Taxonomy Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Coleoptera Phengodidae Phengodes Phengodes tuxtlaensis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19817385 |