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| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Recurso digital |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Zenodo
2026
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19827631 |
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Table of Contents:
- <p class="MsoNormal"><span>Agriculture now occupies a major share of the terrestrial surface, and for many bird species, croplands, orchards, and agroforestry systems have become primary habitats rather than marginal ones. Within these landscapes, birds interact with crops and associated biota as predators, seed consumers, seed dispersers, pollinators, scavengers, and ecosystem engineers. The same species can support farmers by suppressing pests and dispersing useful plants, yet at other times inflict losses by feeding on grains or fruits, leading to a dynamic balance of services and disservices.</span></p>