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Autor principal:	Favoretto, Fabio
Formato:	Recurso digital
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Publicado:	Zenodo 2026
Acceso en línea:	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20268179
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# Regulatory Language Limits Satellite-Based Enforcement in Marine Protected Areas **Submission package for *Science* (Policy Forum) + Zenodo archive** Authors: Fabio Favoretto, Catalina López-Sagástegui, Paolo Guidetti, Aldo Simone, Jennifer Sletten, Virgil Zetterlind, Octavio Aburto-Oropeza, Keiron Fraser, Enric Sala. Corresponding author: Fabio Favoretto — <fabio.favoretto@plymouth.ac.uk> --- ## Contents ``` for_submission/ ├── manuscript/ │   ├── Favoretto_Main_Manuscript.docx          Final main text │   ├── Favoretto_Supplementary_Materials.docx  Final supplementary │   └── Favoretto_Cover_Letter_Science.docx     Cover letter to Science editors ├── figures/ │   ├── Figure1_regulation_preparedness.{pdf,png} │   ├── Figure2_improvement_potential.{pdf,png} │   ├── Figure3_legislation_enforcement.{pdf,png} │   ├── FigureS1_country_comparison.{pdf,png} │   ├── FigureS2_enforcement_features.{pdf,png} │   ├── FigureS3_legislative_age.{pdf,png} │   └── FigureS4_score_vs_recency.{pdf,png} ├── code/ │   ├── python/ │   │   ├── nlp_contextual_scoring.py    Primary scoring (RPI + Legislation Readiness) │   │   ├── build_legislation_index.py   Document-year metadata + country index │   │   └── nlp_validation_scoring.py    Optional LLM validation cross-check │   └── R/ │       ├── 01_policy_unpreparedness_analysis.R   Generates Fig 1, 2, S1, S2 │       └── 02_legislation_readiness_figures.R    Generates Fig 3, S3, S4 ├── data/ │   ├── input/ │   │   └── navigator_priority_countries_202507.csv   9,740 MPA regulations │   ├── legislation_texts/                            119 FAOLEX PDFs + 7 EN translations │   ├── faolex_fisheries_legislation.csv              FAOLEX document metadata │   └── legislation_extracted_metadata.csv            Extracted year/title metadata ├── outputs/                                  Pre-computed analysis outputs │   ├── regulation_scores.csv                 9,740 scored MPAs │   ├── legislation_country_scores.csv        15 country legislation scores │   ├── legislation_scores.csv                119 document-level scores │   ├── legislation_readiness_index.csv       Country index with year metadata │   ├── manuscript_statistics.json            Key stats cited in main text │   ├── manuscript_legislation_statistics.json │   └── derived/{country_summary.csv,fix_impact_summary.csv} ├── requirements.txt                          Python dependencies ├── R_dependencies.txt                        R package list ├── LICENSE                                   MIT └── README.md                                 This file ``` **One file is intentionally excluded** from this package due to size: `navigator_priority_countries_202507_clean.gpkg` (~581 MB), the GeoPackage of MPA polygon geometries. It is required only to regenerate **Figure 1A** (the map). It can be rebuilt from the ProtectedSeas Navigator shapefile distribution at <https://navigatormap.org/> or obtained on request from the corresponding author. --- ## Reproducing every number in the paper (≤ 5 minutes) The analysis is **fully deterministic**: no machine-learning models, no random seeds, no external APIs in the scoring path. Given the same input data, any machine with Python 3.8+ produces identical scores. ### Environment ```bash # Python (only pdfplumber is strictly required; lxml is used by nlp_validation_scoring.py) pip install -r requirements.txt # R packages Rscript -e 'install.packages(c("tidyverse","sf","viridis","scales","patchwork","ggrepel"))' ``` ### Run From the root of this package: ```bash # 1. Score all 9,740 MPAs and all 119 FAOLEX documents (~2 minutes) python3 code/python/nlp_contextual_scoring.py # 2. Build the year-metadata-enriched legislation index python3 code/python/build_legislation_index.py # 3. Generate figures 1, 2, S1, S2 (regulation side) Rscript code/R/01_policy_unpreparedness_analysis.R # 4. Generate figures 3, S3, S4 (legislation side) Rscript code/R/02_legislation_readiness_figures.R ``` Outputs are written to `outputs/latest/` next to the inputs. Compare against the pre-computed `outputs/` directory in this package to verify reproducibility. > ⚠ **Workflow note:** `build_legislation_index.py` and `nlp_contextual_scoring.py` both write `manuscript_legislation_statistics.json`. To reproduce the manuscript numbers, run `nlp_contextual_scoring.py` **last** so its statistics overwrite the build-script's. ### Optional: LLM validation cross-check `code/python/nlp_validation_scoring.py` reproduces the Claude-API-based independent scoring used to validate the keyword Legislation Readiness Index. Requires `ANTHROPIC_API_KEY` and is NOT needed to reproduce any number in the manuscript — it is only a cross-validation that the keyword scoring captures meaningful legal provisions. --- ## Key reproduced numbers (cross-checked against fresh outputs) | Claim in manuscript | Output value | Source file | |---|---|---| | 9,740 zonations, 15 countries | 9,740 / 15 | `navigator_priority_countries_202507.csv` | | Mean RPI = 33 | 33.0 | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | Median RPI = 33 | 33.4 | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | ~40% MPAs below 30 | 39.2% | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | No MPA above 75 | max score 71.3 | `regulation_scores.csv` | | 4% mention monitoring | 3.7% | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | 68% with prohibition | 68.1% | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | 61% with discretionary | 61.3% | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | Mean RPI → 76 after fixes (+130%) | 75.9 / 129.7% | `manuscript_statistics.json` | | Mean Legislation Readiness = 47 | 47.0 | `manuscript_legislation_statistics.json` | | Best: Maldives 67; Worst: Ecuador 19, Gabon 19 | 67 / 19 / 19 | `legislation_country_scores.csv` | | Evidence admissibility mean = 11/22 | 10.9 | `manuscript_legislation_statistics.json` | | Pearson r = 0.32, p = 0.25 (recency vs readiness) | 0.316 / 0.2506 | computed by `02_legislation_readiness_figures.R` | --- ## Data provenance & licensing - **ProtectedSeas Navigator** regulatory text and zone polygons: © ProtectedSeas / Anthropocene Institute, distributed under the Navigator data-use terms. The CSV extract included here covers the 15 countries used in our sample (release 2025-07). - **FAOLEX** fisheries legislation PDFs: © FAO. Included for reproducibility of the keyword scoring. Original documents are publicly accessible at <https://www.fao.org/faolex/>. - **Analysis code** (`code/`): MIT License (see `LICENSE`). - **Pre-computed outputs and figures**: CC-BY-4.0. --- ## Citing this work ``` Favoretto, F., López-Sagástegui, C., Guidetti, P., Simone, A., Sletten, J., Zetterlind, V., Aburto-Oropeza, O., Fraser, K., & Sala, E. (2026). Regulatory Language Limits Satellite-Based Enforcement in Marine Protected Areas. Submitted to Science (Policy Forum). Zenodo. doi:[to be assigned] ``` Once the *Science* DOI is issued, please cite the paper directly and use the Zenodo archive only for the data and code. --- ## Acknowledgments AI tools were used as a coding assistant and for proofreading the manuscript. ## Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.

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