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2026
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20348748 |
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| author | Kannan Balasubramanian P. Suguna S. M. Sulaiman |
| author_facet | Kannan Balasubramanian P. Suguna S. M. Sulaiman |
| contents | <p>Abstract:: Sustainable development policies represent the tools and frameworks through which<br>governments and international organizations translate the ambition of a sustainable future into<br>practical action. This article provides a comprehensive overview of how such policies have<br>evolved, how they are designed, and how they function across different levels of governance.<br>Beginning with the early environmental regulations of the 1970s, this article traces the journey<br>through the Brundtland Commission, the Rio Earth Summit, and the adoption of the Paris<br>Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. It introduces an explicit analytical<br>framework based on five evaluative criteria (effectiveness, efficiency, equity, coherence, and<br>political feasibility) and applies these criteria throughout. This artcile examines policy<br>instruments including regulations, economic incentives, and information-based approaches,<br>and emphasizes policy integration across sectors. It explores key policy domains-climate<br>change, biodiversity, circular economy, social equity, gender, Indigenous governance, and<br>urban policy-and illustrates these concepts through case studies including the European Green<br>Deal, Costa Rica's conservation success, carbon pricing mechanisms, and the substantive<br>policy failure of Germany's SoliWG renewable energy surcharge. This article highlights the<br>central relevance of the Sustainable Development Goals, acknowledging persistent<br>implementation gaps. It discusses limitations of carbon pricing and protected areas, engages<br>with degrowth/post-growth critiques, and includes a comparative table of policy instrument<br>effectiveness. This article concludes by discussing persistent challenges such as political<br>resistance and emerging frontiers including supply chain due diligence and rights of nature.<br>Ultimately, this article argues that sustainable development policies are not merely technical<br>instruments but represent fundamental choices about how societies wish to live, grow, and<br>share the planet's resources.<br>Keywords: sustainable development, public policy, governance, Sustainable Development<br>Goals, climate policy, environmental regulation, just transition, policy instruments, political<br>economy</p> |
| format | Recurso digital |
| id | zenodo_https___doi_org_10_5281_zenodo_20348748 |
| institution | Zenodo |
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| publishDate | 2026 |
| publisher | Zenodo |
| record_format | zenodo |
| spellingShingle | Sustainable Development Policy Frameworks and Their Implementation Kannan Balasubramanian P. Suguna S. M. Sulaiman <p>Abstract:: Sustainable development policies represent the tools and frameworks through which<br>governments and international organizations translate the ambition of a sustainable future into<br>practical action. This article provides a comprehensive overview of how such policies have<br>evolved, how they are designed, and how they function across different levels of governance.<br>Beginning with the early environmental regulations of the 1970s, this article traces the journey<br>through the Brundtland Commission, the Rio Earth Summit, and the adoption of the Paris<br>Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. It introduces an explicit analytical<br>framework based on five evaluative criteria (effectiveness, efficiency, equity, coherence, and<br>political feasibility) and applies these criteria throughout. This artcile examines policy<br>instruments including regulations, economic incentives, and information-based approaches,<br>and emphasizes policy integration across sectors. It explores key policy domains-climate<br>change, biodiversity, circular economy, social equity, gender, Indigenous governance, and<br>urban policy-and illustrates these concepts through case studies including the European Green<br>Deal, Costa Rica's conservation success, carbon pricing mechanisms, and the substantive<br>policy failure of Germany's SoliWG renewable energy surcharge. This article highlights the<br>central relevance of the Sustainable Development Goals, acknowledging persistent<br>implementation gaps. It discusses limitations of carbon pricing and protected areas, engages<br>with degrowth/post-growth critiques, and includes a comparative table of policy instrument<br>effectiveness. This article concludes by discussing persistent challenges such as political<br>resistance and emerging frontiers including supply chain due diligence and rights of nature.<br>Ultimately, this article argues that sustainable development policies are not merely technical<br>instruments but represent fundamental choices about how societies wish to live, grow, and<br>share the planet's resources.<br>Keywords: sustainable development, public policy, governance, Sustainable Development<br>Goals, climate policy, environmental regulation, just transition, policy instruments, political<br>economy</p> |
| title | Sustainable Development Policy Frameworks and Their Implementation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20348748 |